Catholics
This was a document that, according to the Roman Catholic Church, granted a sinner release from the penalties of his or her sin.
What is an indulgence?
John Calvin was raised Catholic but converted to Protestantism. He presented the world’s first systematic Protestant theology. This acronym (5 letters) summarizes his theology.
What is T.U.L.I.P.?
He landed in Newfoundland in June 1497 and claimed the entire east coast of North America for England.
Who is John Cabot?
The nickname given to the queen that was a devoted Catholic determined to restore Catholicism in England. This queen condemned hundreds of Protestants as heretics and burned them to death. These were the Marian Persecutions.
What is Bloody Mary?
They were English Protestants who fled to mainland Europe in order to escape the Marian Persecutions. They returned when Mary died and expected Queen Elizabeth to make England Protestant again.
Who were the Marian Exiles?
Loyal Roman Catholics believed that God revealed Himself to humankind through the church’s collection of this as well as through Scripture.
What is "sacred tradition"?
This means that the bread and the wine are only symbols of Christ’s body and blood.
What is memorials?
He wrote the “Ninety-five Theses on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences,” accusing the Roman Catholic Church of selling God’s forgiveness to raise money for expensive church buildings, corruption and of following man made traditions that went against God’s Word in the Bible.
He spent most of his time of hiding in the Wartburg Castle in his study, where he produced the first German translation of the New Testament.
Who is Martin Luther?
She was the third heir to King Henry VIII. She defeated the Spanish Armada and personally went out to speak to her army after the Battle of Gravelines. She was the queen who never married because she was already married to her country, a.k.a. Good Queen Bess.
Who was Queen Elizabeth I?
This war began after the English aided the Dutch Protestants in the Dutch Revolt. Queen Elizabeth I got involved in this war because she knew that if she let King Philip II of Spain overrun the New World and Low Countries, that he would one day overrun England as well
What was the Anglo-Spanish War?
The Counter-reformation may be divided into two parts: this was the first part, in which the obviously corrupt Catholic Church strove to reform itself through better education for priests, better church laws and better church administration.
What is the Catholic Reformation?
The name came from some German nobles' formal letter of protest against the Holy Roman Emperor’s decisions at the 1529 Second Diet of Speyer.
What is Protestant?
He compiled a book for the Church of England’s worship services named “The Book of Common Prayer.” He was tortured and burned alive and said that the worst sin of his life was signing a document that denied his true Protestant beliefs.
Who was Archbishop Thomas Cranmer?
This king had 6 wives. He pretty much started the English Reformation because he wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.
The Roman Catholic pope would not let him divorce her so he set up a new church of his own, made himself master of that church and called this new church the Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church.
Who was King Henry VIII?
This gigantic fleet vastly outnumbered the English navy in both ships and troops. However, the English navy possessed these advantages: (1) lighter, faster and more maneuverable ships; (2) cannon that could be reloaded more quickly; (3) better strategy; and (4) better technology, including fire ship technology.
What was the Spanish Armada?
This group believed : 1) that it was wrong to baptize Christians when they were babies; 2) That it was always wrong for Christians to fight; and 3) they refused to swear oaths, serve in the army or serve as policemen.
Who are the Anabaptists?
the 3 tenets of Reformed theology
What are Sola Scripture, God's Sovereignty, and God's Grace?
A privateer is a legal raider who holds a letter from his monarch authorizing him to attack his country’s enemies. This man was Queen Elizabeth’s most successful privateer.
Who was Sir Francis Drake?
He inherited the throne of England from King Henry VIII according to the Third Succession Act. He was only nine years old at the time.
Who was King Edward VI?
This was a compromise that tried to satisfy both Protestants and Catholics. Elizabeth wanted 1) all Englishmen, Catholic or Protestant, to worship together in state churches - for she believed that a strong state church was essential to a strong state and 2) very Englishman to be loyal to his monarch.
What was The Elizabethan Religious Settlement?
This meeting called by Pope Paul III was meant (1) To reaffirm the Catholic church’s faith in Sacred Tradition; (2) To defend the Catholic church against Protestant criticisms; (3) To state the official Catholic response to those criticisms; (4) To clarify the Catholic church’s teachings on the theological issues that Protestants had raised; and (5) To reform the Catholic church
What was the Council of Trent?
The Protestant Reformation began with an argument over theology in contrast to this which began as an argument over church law and politics.
What is the English Reformation?
He knew eight different languages. He believed that God spoke to believers through the Bible and that the best way for believers to hear God speaking was in their own native tongues. By 1526 he completed the English New Testament and worked on the Old Testament for the rest of his life.
Who was William Tyndall?
In the War of the Rough Wooing King Henry hoped to get this queen as a bride for his young son Edward VI. If Henry had succeeded, then he would have united the crowns of England and Scotland. She was later murdered by Queen Elizabeth because some wanted her to be queen.
Who was Mary Queen of Scots?
This was a golden age in English history, a time of prosperity and progress under the wise leadership of Good Queen Bess. The key events included: 1) the Elizabethan Religious Settlement; 2) the English Renaissance, including part of William Shakespeare’s career; 3) exciting explorations by Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Francis Drake and others; and 4) the Anglo-Spanish War, including the attack of the Spanish Armada.
What was the Elizabethan Era?