Math/ABGs
A patient is prescribed 250,000IU to be administered. Available is 50,000 IU per ML. How many ML should the LPN draw up?
4.5
A medical posture where the patient sits upright in bed with the head of the bed elevated 60-90 degrees
High Fowler's position
All patients must sign this prior to having any surgery or procedure UNLESS the surgery is urgent/emergency
Consent
A condition where the heart muscle is weakened or stiff and can't pump blood effectively enough to meet the body's needs
Heart failure
WBC's
PH 7.48, PaCo2 47, HCO3 30
Metabolic Alkalosis
Discomfort when breathing while lying down flat; common in people with heart or lung conditions
Orthopnea
When giving Pre-op teaching, what should the LPN prioritize?
A. Explaining the procedure
B. Discuss NPO status to reduce risk of aspiration
C. Teach about expected post-op pain
D. Explain about risk for post-op DVT's
B. Discuss NPO status to reduce risk of aspiration
A condition characterized by muscle pain, cramping, or discomfort in the legs that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest. It is caused by a narrowing or blockage of the arteries in the legs.
Intermittent Claudication (Peripheral arterial disease)
A condition where the blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells and also doesn't have a protein called hemoglobin found in the red blood cells, to carry oxygen throughout the body.
Anemia
PH 7.5, PaCO2 31, HCO3 24
Respiratory Alkalosis
The build up of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls
Atherosclerosis
Compression stockings, ambulating, leg elevation and SCD's are used to prevent this
DVT's
A group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, such as Coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmias, often caused by atherosclerosis.
Cardiovascular Disease
A lab that is indicative of an MI that starts with a T :)
Troponin
PH 7.28, PaCO2 51, HCO3 25
Respiratory Acidosis
A type of medication that relaxes and widens blood vessels allowing more blood to flow through the body which can lower blood
Vasodilator (I.e. Hydralazine)
A beta blocker medication that lowers the BP and heart rate
Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Labetalol, etc.
A condition in which some areas of the body feel numb and cool in certain circumstances. A contraction of small blood vessels in the fingers and toes triggered by cold temperatures and stress.
Raynauds
The patient has a low hematocrit level, a low white blood cell level, and a low platelet count. Which finding is the most related to the low platelet count?
A. Edema
B. Decreased Temperature
C. Multiple bruises
D. Elevated heart rate
C. Multiple bruises
PH 7.23, PaCO2 32, HCO3 18
Metabolic Acidosis
If the patient shows signs of a positive Chvotek's sign, what does this indicate?
Electrolyte imbalance-- A classic sign of hypocalcemia.
Pressing a pillow gently over abdominal incision while coughing and deep breathing
Splinting the incision
AAA
A person is exhibiting shortness of breath, low oxygen levels, and heart palpitations. The doctor thinks the patient might have a pulmonary embolism. What lab might this doctor order that would be indicative of a PE?
D-Dimer