LABS
Lab that looks for the presence of blood clots
What is D-Dimer
Caution should be used in when applying topical corticosteroids in what areas and conditions
face & intertriginous areas
Hyperglycemia and Cushings
A male client presents with chest pain and the physician has ordered isosorbide monitrate. Prior to administering this medication the nurse ensures that the client is not taking what class of medications
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
List the phases of AKI and what occurs in each phase
initiation - initial injury to kidney ends with oliguria
oliguria - uremic sx appear & life threatening conditions hyperkalemia
diuresis- gradual increase in UO, Glomerular filtration starts to recover, labs improve
recovery- labs & function return to normal up to 12 months
What are B- Sypmtoms
Fever, weight loss, night sweats
Lab that indicate heart failure & abnormal level
What is BNP of 100 or greater
What factors are taken into account on the Braden Scale
Sensory Perception, Moisture, Activity, Mobility, Nutrition, Friction/shear
A client that has recently undergone a prostatectomy refuses to take medication for pain relief and is requesting nonpharmacologic methods to help with bladder spasms & fullness. The nurse gives what suggestions?
Warm compress, sitz baths, prune juice for constipation
Pain Management
A nurse administering 2 units of PRBCS, to a client with a Hgb of 7.8 g/dL is educating a client on the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction. What information should the nurse include?
fever, chills, nausea, anxiety, respiratory distress, low back pain, pain at the IV site
With bacterial infections, what lab would we see elevated on a CBC
What is neutrophils
Partial thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis, wound bed is pink & moist with no slough, granulation tissue or eschar is considered what stage pressure injury
Stage 2
Name the diagnostic and assessment findings and symptoms of BPH
Large rubbery nontender prostate on DRE, elevated PSA level, urinary frequency, hesitancy, poor stream, dribbling
Name 5 complications of hemodialysis
anemia, blood losss, gastric ulcers, vomiting, hypotension, itching (r/t increased Ph), SOB, muscle cramps, arrhythmia, air embolism, dialysis disequilibrium
How would a nurse recognize acute chest syndrome in a client with sickle cell anemia? What interventions would the nurse anticipate?
fever, tachypnea, cough, wheezing, new pulmonary infiltrates on xray
Antibx, blood transfusion, bronchodilator, nitric oxide, possible mechanical ventilation
What abnormal labs would we expect in aplastic anemia
Neutropenia
thrombocytopenia
anemia
Name 3 disorders associated with Pruritis
CKD, IDA, DM, hypothyroidism, Liver diseases, infestations, anxiety, pregnancy,
Following a TURP a patient exhibits BP 90/62, HR 122, AAOx2, reports nausea, headache and muscle spasms. BMP shows Na 120 mEq/L and CBC shows hematocrit 32%. What condition is the nurse concerned about and what interventions should the nurse anticipate?
Transurethral Resection Syndrome
Discontinue irrigation, diuretics, d/c CBI & start IV NS, Monitor I&O, vitals, LOC, cardiac & pulmonary assessments
Two clients are on a renal diet and they are concerned that one client's meal has more protein that the other. The nurse understands that what condition could be the cause for the discrepancy?
HD patient need more protein than the average healthy adult
A 38 year old client reports dizziness, night sweats, vision changes, abdominal pain, and angina, claudication, erythromelalgia, and has a ruddy complexion with elevated uric acid level. The nurse is concerned for what medical condition?
Polycythemia Vera
A client with ESKD has multiple fractures unrelated to trauma.
What abnormal labs would we expect?
Elevated Ph
Decreased Ca & Vitamin D
A client arrives with a small, waxy nodule with pearly translucent borders and a central ulceration on the nose. The nurse recognizes this disorder as
Basal cell carcinoma
In instructing a client on how to perform a testicular self examination, the nurse instructs the client on what steps?
1. Using both hands palpate the testis (smooth and uniform consistency)
2. Place index and middle finger under the testes and thumb on top, rolling gently horizontally then upward
3. locate palpate the epididymis and spermatic cord
Repeat for both testicles, one may be larger than the other (looking for small pea-sized lump or swelling
A client s/p left renal transplant arrives to your unit with edema, UOP less than 400 mL in the last 24 hours, BP 148/90, a 1 kg weight gain in last 24 hours, left flank pain and creatinine of 1.4 mg/dL. The nurse is concerned for what condition
Transplant rejection
A client presents with the following lab values: Ca 12 mg/dL, creatinine 2.3 mg/dL, Hgb, 9.5 g/dL and lytic lesions to the humerus. What does the nurse recognize this condition as? What nursing management should the nurse anticipate?
Multiple Myeloma
Pain management, decrease Ca (bisphosphonates / corticosteroids & hydrate), monitor for s&s of hypercalcemia (GI sx, muscle cramp bone pain polyuria)