heart cath
How should the patient be positioned after femoral access cath?
Flat or slight head elevation to avoid bleeding
What is the first-line drug for acute angina attacks?
Nitroglycerin
What lifestyle modification is important for managing IBS?
Stress management and regular exercise
Name one first-line drug used to treat TB.
Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
What is the purpose of a paracentesis?
Removal of fluid from the abdominal cavity in ascites
What allergy must be checked before cath?
Iodine or shellfish (contrast dye allergies)
What instruction is critical when giving sublingual nitroglycerin?
Take one tablet every 5 minutes, up to 3 doses; call 911 if no relief
Name a typical trigger for IBS symptoms.
Stress, certain foods (fatty, spicy, caffeine)
What important patient teaching is needed for Rifampin?
It can turn urine and tears orange/red
If it stimulates the pancreas, it will cause what?
HYPOGLYCEMIA
What is the patient at risk for after a cardiac cath?
Bleeding, hematoma, embolism
What are common side effects of nitroglycerin?
Headache, hypotension, dizziness
What is tenesmus?
A constant feeling of the need to defecate, often seen in ulcerative colitis
What lab value should be monitored when using isoniazid (INH)?
Liver function tests (risk of hepatotoxicity)
Should you push potassium?
NOPEEE
What artery is commonly used for cardiac cath?
Femoral or radial artery
What EKG change might you see with unstable angina?
ST depression or T wave inversion
What is a paralytic ileus?
Lack of peristalsis due to surgery, meds, or electrolyte imbalances
What condition causes air trapping and barrel chest?
COPD (especially emphysema)
Which IV fluid is isotonic and commonly used for fluid resuscitation?
0.9% NS
What is a coronary angioplasty?
Procedure to open blocked coronary arteries during cardiac cath (often with stent placement)
How does nitroglycerin relieve chest pain?
Vasodilates coronary arteries, improving blood flow
What GI disorder is caused by a weakening of the diaphragm allowing stomach contents into the chest?
Hiatal hernia
What are signs of tension pneumothorax?
Tracheal deviation, hypotension, absent breath sounds
morphine (IV)
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Aspirin