Basics of Adult Health Nursing
Which of the following statements is true of chronic illnesses?
A. Chronic illnesses are mostly found in the lower socioeconomic strata
B. Chronic illnesses are only found in the elderly
C. Chronic illnesses occur in every race and culture
D. Chronic illnesses are decreasing
C. Chronic illnesses occur in every race and culture
Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.4, CO2 27, HCO3 19
Compensated respiratory alkalosis
An 18 year old client diagnosed with T2D has brought in a log of SMBG to review with the nurse but there are very few entries over the last 120 days. How can this nurse best determine this client’s BG levels over the period in question?
A1C
A 40 year old man newly diagnosed w/ HTN is discussing risk factors w/ the nurse. The nurse talks about lifestyle changes w/ the pt. and advises that the patient avoid tobacco use. What is the rationale behind that advice to the patient?
Tobacco increases the risk for heart disease
The nurse is caring for a client who has COPD and pneumonia. After an endotracheal tube is removed, which of the following orders should the nurse question?
O2 per regular nasal cannula at 12 L/min
Research has shown that the incidence of chronic conditions is increasing. What factor has been shown to contribute most to this increase?
A. Urbanization
B. Obesity
C. Apathy
D. Environmental pollution
B. Obesity
Interpret the following ABG: pH 7.31, CO2 49, HCO3 24
Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
Which of the following is caused when the adrenal cortex produces too much aldosterone because of hyperplasia or tumor?
Primary aldosteronism (Conn Syndrome); most common issues are hypokalemia & hypertension
The nurse is performing a physical assessment on an elderly pt. suspected of being in HF. During auscultation, HF would be suggest by
An S3 heart sound
After instructing a client to use beclomethasone, a steroid inhaler, which of the following statements by the client indicates to the nurse that the teaching has been successful?
“I will perform mouth care after every use”
T/F: The primary goal of palliative care is to maximize quality of life near the end of life.
True
Which electrolyte should the nurse most closely monitor in a client who has decreased parathyroid function?
Calcium
“the serum calcium level is controlled by the parathyroid hormone and calcitonin”
A 50 year old male client has been admitted to the postsurgical unit from PACU after having a total thyroidectomy. The nurse is now conducting an admission assessment and planning the client’s subsequent care. When providing this client’s care, the nurse should emphasize which of the following actions?
Maintaining a patent airway
“respiratory difficulties can occur as a result of edema of the glottis, hematoma formation, or injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This complication requires insertion of an airway. It is vital to have a trach set by the bedside at all times.”
The nurse is caring for a pt who walks 2 miles every morning. Nurse notes that during morning walk, he called his daughter and stated that he thought he was having a heart attack. Which symptom identified by the client is the most common and consistent with that of a heart attack?
Sternal pain
Which of the following side effects would you expect in a client receiving Combivent (ipratropium and albuterol)? Select all that apply.
Tachycardia
Nervousness
Palpitations
Care near the end of life often necessitates a careful evaluation of ethical issues. What factor has contributed most significantly to the increasing importance of ethical considerations?
A. Increasing cultural diversity
B. Staffing shortages in health care institutions
C. Increasing costs of health care
D. The ability of technology to prolong life
D. The ability of technology to prolong life
What piece of education the nurse offers to a newly diagnosed heart failure patient with recurrent fluid volume excess is most appropriate for at home use by the patient?
Fluid restriction, daily weights, limit Na intake
A 61 year old client frustrated with a diagnosis of T2D. The client tells the nurse, “I’m not at all obese, so I don’t see how this could have developed.” When discussing the risk factors for diabetes, which of the following factors should the nurse identify? Select all that apply.
Family history, ethnicity, over 45 years old, high HDL cholesterol, history of GDM or delivery of babies over 9 lbs, hypertension
The nurse is caring for a pt. admitted w/ unstable angina. The lab results reveal the initial troponin 1 level is elevated in this pt. what conclusion should the nurse draw from this fact?
This is an accurate indicator of myocardial injury
The 60 year old client tells you she smoke three packs of cigs a day since she was 15 years old until she was 40 and then she smoked 2 packs per day. How pack years should you record on the client’s history?
115
T/F: If a nurse discusses his or her feelings of grief with a colleague or counselor, this could constitute a violation of confidentiality
False
The nurse assessing an adult client who is hospitalized for a MI. While assessing the client’s breath sounds, the nurse detects fine crackles. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing.
Fluid volume excess or hypervolemia
“clinical manifestations of FVE stem from expansion of the ECF and include crackles in lung fields”
Which of the following types of insulin can be used IV in the ICU setting for endotool?
Regular insulin (Humulin-R, Novolin-R)
“regular insulin is the only insulin that can be used IV”
The nurse has conducted a comprehensive assessment of a new resident of a long term care facility. Which assessment data collected by the nurse indicates the most significant increase in a pts risk for HF?
Age of 65 years or older
What is the major difference between asthma and COPD?
COPD results in permanent airflow obstruction and asthma is a condition of reversible airflow obstruction