Mitosis
What is the process by which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
What is mitosis?
What is the term for the division of the cytoplasm that follows meiosis and produces four haploid cells?
What is cytokinesis?
What is the term for the fusion of male and female gametes to produce offspring with genetic variation?
What is fertilization?
What is the term for the process by which a single parent organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to itself?
What is asexual reproduction?
What are the thread-like structures made of DNA and protein that carry genetic information in the form of genes?
What are chromosomes?
What is the name of the phase in mitosis where the chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form?
what is prophase?
What is the name of the phase in meiosis where the homologous chromosomes align along the metaphase plate?
What is metaphase I?
What is the name of the specialized type of cell division that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
What is meiosis?
What is the name of the process in which a parent organism physically divides into two or more offspring, each identical to the parent?
What is binary fission?
What is the term for the point on a chromosome where sister chromatids are held together and where spindle fibers attach during cell division?
What is the centromere?
What is the name of the protein structure that forms between the centrosomes during mitosis and aids in the separation of sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell?
what is spindle apparatus or mitotic spindle?
What is the protein structure that holds together sister chromatids during meiosis?
what is the cohesion complex?
What is the evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction in terms of increasing genetic diversity within a population?
what is genetic variation?
What is the term for the reproductive strategy that allows organisms to rapidly colonize new habitats and exploit favorable environments?
what is colonization or rapid expansion?
How many chromosomes are typically found in a human somatic cell?
What is 46 chromosomes?
What is the checkpoint in mitosis where the cell ensures that all chromosomes are properly aligned on the metaphase plate before proceeding to anaphase?
what is mitotic checkpoint?
What is the stage of meiosis where the cell checks for proper alignment of chromosomes on the metaphase plate?
What is the metaphase checkpoint?
What is the process by which two different species interbreed to produce hybrid offspring?
what is hybridization?
What is the process by which genetic variation can occur in asexual reproduction, leading to differences among offspring despite their genetic similarity to the parent organism?
what is a mutation or genetic variation?
What is the term for the complex of DNA and protein that forms when chromosomes condense during cell division?
What is chromatin?
In certain organisms, such as some fungi and algae, mitosis occurs within the nucleus without the breakdown of the nuclear envelope. What is the term for this unique form of mitosis?
what is closed mitosis or closed nuclear division?
What is the term for the type of genetic variation that arises from the independent assortment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis?
What is genetic recombination?
What is the male reproductive organ in flowering plants that produces pollen grains containing male gametes?
What is the stamen?
What is the specialized structure in fungi that produces and disperses spores for asexual reproduction?
What is a sporangium?
What does the synaptonemal complex help ensure?
The synaptonemal complex helps ensure proper chromosome segregation and genetic diversity in offspring.