Diffusion
Are lipid-soluble molecules such as alcohol and CO2 hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
What is hydrophobic.
Where does water go towards?
What is towards higher solute concentration (where the party is).
(T/F) ATP is needed for active transport.
Define vesicular transport:
What is movement of a substance out or into a cell via a vesicle.
(T/F) In simple diffusion, no transport protein is required for the movement of large, nonpolar molecules.
What is FALSE, no transport protein is required for the movement of SMALL, nonpolar molecules.
is ATP needed for diffusion
In a hypertonic solution does water enter or exist the cell causing it to crenate or swell?
What is water exists the cell and crenates.
Do substances move against or along concentration gradients in active transport?
What is against.
Does vesicular transport (aka bulk transport) move small substances or big substances? And via what?
What is big substances via a small spherical sac.
In facilitated diffusion, materials pass through blank proteins.
What is transmembrane proteins.
Do concentration gradients in diffusion go from low to high or high to low?
What is high to low (seek equilibrium).
(T/F) In osmosis, water moves across the semipermeable membrane from low to high water concentration.
What is FALSE, water moves across the semipermeable membrane from HIGH to LOW water concentration.
How many Na+ and how many K+ are moved into/out of the cell in the Na+K+ATPase/pump?
3 Na+ move out and 2K+ move in.
Are pinocytosis and phagocytosis considered endocytosis or exocytosis? why?
What is endocytosis. Because they bring in materials into the cell.
In facilitated diffusion why do we need a carrier protein or channel?
What is hydrophilic substances can't cross the membrane easily so it needs assistance via the channel or carrier protein.
Are concentration gradients chemical or electrical in duffusion?
What is chemical,electrical, or BOTH!
In osmosis the membrane must be freely blank to water.
What is, permeable.
In the Na+K+ATPase/pump, an enzyme moves ions via blank of ATP.
What is hydrolysis.
In receptor-mediated endocytosis what substances are brought in?
What is vitamins, antibiotics, LDL (low density lipoproteins) which brings cholesterol to cells aka bad colesterol.
Does channel-mediated diffusion or carrier-mediated diffusion carry ions?
What is channel-mediated diffusion (look at summary: membrane transport slide 22).
Name the 6 factors affecting diffusion:
What is distance, molecule size, temperature, gradient size, electrical forces, and lipid solubility.
Define osmolarity:
What is the measure of total concentration of solute particles in a solution.
What is secondary active transport and give an example?
What is secondary active transport is when the energy source comes from the movement of another substance. Example: used when absorbing glucose in our small intestine.
What is the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
What is in pinocytosis endosomes "drink" extracellular fluid while in phagocytosis they engulf large object in phagosomes.
In your own words, explain salty banana.
What is the salt represents Na+ being outside the banana or cell and will always go from out to in. While inside the banana (or cell) we have a lot of K+ so it will always go from in to out.