What is a chemical messenger that binds to a receptor and triggers a cell's response
100
This type of receptor is water soluble
What is a plasma membrane receptor?
100
These forms of transport require ATP to move solutes up their concentration gradients.
What are primary & secondary active transport?
100
This provides the enegery needed for Active Transport.
What is ATP?
100
What characteristics do all 4 types of plasma membrane receptors have in common?
What is each having a specific binding site to which only a limited number of of first messengers can bind to in order to activate it.
200
_____ interferes with the action of a particular messenger by blocking the endogenous messenger from binding to the receptor and thus prohibits a cell's response
What is an antagonist
200
This term refers to the ability of a receptor to bind to only one type or a limited number of related chemical messengers.
What is specificity?
200
This protein acts as a second messenger to phosphorylate other proteins and bring about a cell's response
What is cAMP?
200
This pump is the primary mechanism in Active Transport.
What Na+/K+ - ATPase?
200
When JAK Kinase binds to the ligand - what happens?
What is the receptor activates an associated kinase that phosphorylates a protein, which acts as a transcription factor that simulates cell proliferation
300
These drugs, which are antagonists are used in the treatment of high blood pressure and other diseases.
What are beta blockers.
300
This type of receptor works as an insulin receptor and is found in skeletal muscle.
What is Receptor Tyrosine Kinase?
300
Glucose movement across the plasma membrane is an example of this type of system
What is facilitated diffusion
300
This is the only movement of solutes that is not limited by saturation.
What is diffusion?
300
This receptor itself has intrinsic enzyme activity.
What is tyrosince kinase.
400
Phenylephrine and oxymetazoline mimic the action of of epinephrine on alpha-andrnergic receptors, in blood vessels. These are examples of what?
What are agonists.
400
This type of receptor is commonly found in nerve cells
What is a ligand-gated receptor?
400
Na+, K+ and Ca2+ are all moved down their concentration gradients in this type of movement.
What is Channel-Mediated Movement
400
This can occur due to chronic low extracellular concentration of a messenger.
What is up-regulation?
400
A ligand gated channel contributes to which physiological processes?
What is: intercellular concentration, chemical neurotransmission and generation of an excitatory postsynaptic potential.
500
In essence these receptors serve as a switch to couple a receptor to an ion channel or to an enzyme in a plasma membrane.
What are G-protien-coupled receptors
500
This receptor is the largest category of receptors and can both directly and indirectly gate ion channels.
What is a G-protein coupled receptor.
500
This is one of the factors that determines the magnitude of solute movement in a mediated-transport system
What is saturation?
500
Cytosolic Calcium combines with this protein to induce a cell's reponse.
What is calmodulin?
500
Both ligand gated ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors can be found where?