Memory Basics (1)
In the sequence of the information-processing model, what is the first step?
Encode/Encoding
What type of processing allows us to encode information without awareness
Automatic processing
This type of memory measure involves identifying items previously learned, like a multiple-choice test
Recognition
The eerie feeling that you’ve experienced something before
déjà vu
Forgetting where or how you learned something, even though you remember the content
source amnesia
You study a list of vocabulary words and later recall them on a test. The act of recalling them involves which part of the information processing model?
Retrieval
Grouping items like phone numbers into sets of digits or presidents by decades is an example of a type of effortful processing known as
Chunking
This stage of memory refers to holding information over time
storage
A psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which traumatic memories are blocked from conscious awareness
repression
When retrieving a memory, the brain can alter it in a slightly based on new information
reconsolidation
What are the two types of brief sensory memories that quickly disappear if attention is not directed?
Iconic and Echoic
The acronym ROYGBIV for the colors of the rainbow is a type of effortful processing known as
a mnemonic device
Remembering a vivid, emotional event like 9/11 is an example of a
Flashbulb memory
This part of the brain helps form and organize explicit memories
hippocampus
When solving a math problem in your head, you hold numbers while recalling operations. This best illustrates
Working memory
Forgetting someone's name moments after being introduced is most likely a result of
Encoding failure
When misleading questions change a witness’s memory of an accident, this demonstrates
The misinformation effect
This model compares memory to a computer’s processes of input, storage, and retrieval
information-processing model
Which type of memory requires conscious effort to recall?
Explicit (semantic or episodic)
According to Ebbinghaus’s forgetting curve, memory loss
Happens quickly at first, then levels off
Calling your new dog by your old dog’s name is an example of
Proactive interference
Memory for skills and associations that occur without conscious awareness.
implicit memory