Name the two of the four main types of multiple memory systems
Emotional
Procedural
Declarative
Priming
100
What are the two types of learning?
Nonassociative
Associative
100
Which animal is famous for being used to study memory?
Aplysis californica
100
What is the difference between memory and learning?
learning=acquisition
memory=recalling the acquired information
100
What is Alzheimer's Disease
It is the most common form of dementia caused by neurocognitive degeneration.
200
What type of memory is the basal ganglia and cerebellum associated with?
Procedural memory
200
What are the two types of non-associative learning?
Habituation
Sensitization
200
What is LTP
Long-term Potentiation:
Long lasting increase in strength of stimulated synapses
200
If I ablate the amygdala, what happens to object recognition?
These are independent circuits
200
Name the two histological changes associated with Alzheimer's Disease
Tangles-neurofibulary tangles
Plaques- amyloid
300
What structure in the nervous system is associated with emotional memory?
Amygdala
300
What are the two types of Associative learning?
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
300
Name one of the mechanisms behind habituation
Decrease in Ca
Decrease in NT vesicles
300
The perirhinal cortex supports what?
Object recognition
300
What types of memory are more susceptible to injury in AD?
Explicit and short-term
400
What type of memory is associated with the hippocampus?
What are the two subdivisions?
Declarative
-Semantic
-Episodic
400
Explain the difference between classical and operant conditioning.
Classical: associating an effective, response-evoking stimulus with a second, normally ineffective stimulus
Operant: associating a motor action with a stimulus
400
What is the hebbian theory for neurons and how does this impact LTP?
Neurons that wire together fire together. Stronger stimulation will induce LTP
400
The hippocampus is necessary for what type of learning?
Spatial learning
400
Name some factors that predispose you to having AD.
Head trauma, age, down syndrome, APOE, etc.
500
What is the difference between semantic and episodic memory?
Semantic- meanings and understandings
Episodic- who, what, when, where, why
500
Explain the difference between habituation and sensitization.
Habituation- learning to ignore a stimulus that lacks meaning
Sensitization- strong sensory stimulus can intensify your response to all stimuli
500
Explain why NMDA-R are not enough to induce LTP.
Mg binds and blocks the channel from conducting and therefore it needs to have AMPA-R increase the voltage on the membrane to release Mg.
500
Elucidate the trisynaptic circuit.
enterorhinal cortex--> dentate gyrus--> CA3-->CA1
500
Prodromal symptoms for AD
Big 3
-incontinence
-inability to feed yourself
-inability to go for walks