Encoding
The earliest stage of remembering auditory information. It lasts 3-4 seconds before further processing occurs
What is Echoic Memory
A limited amount of information stored for a short period of time
What is STM (Short Term Memory)
A form of retrieval involving noticing a pattern, triggering a memory. Think a multiple choice question on a test.
What is Recognition
A kind of explicit memory, this category includes facts and general knowledge. It uses the prefrontal cortex
What is Semantic Memory
A memorization process that involves placing key terms into an acronym or similar process (i.e. ROY G BIV, OCEAN, NASA)
What is a Mnemonic
The earliest stage of remembering visual information. Lasts <1 second before further processing takes place
What is Iconic Memory
The amount of items your Short Term Memory can hold
Retrieving information without anything to directly compare it to. Think a short answer exam question.
What is Recall
A kind of Explicit Memory, this category includes experiences and personal memories. It involves the hippocampus
What is Episodic Memory
What happens to the memory in people with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Strong Episodic Memory associated with traumatic event
Connecting a concept to something with personal meaning in your life or an emotion to remember it better. Uses the LEFT PREFRONTAL cortex
What is Deep Processing
An unlimited amount of information that cannot be forgotten completely
What is LTM (Long Term Memory)
When a stimulus or recent circumstance helps you retrieve information you otherwise wouldn't. (Brad Pitt vs Cherry Pit)
What is Priming
A memory with strong associated emotions that help you remember the context. Usually very clear and vivid (a first kiss, a traumatic car crash)
What is a Flashbulb Memory
A kind of amnesia where a person cannot remember the source of information, where or who gave it to them
What is Source Amnesia
Remembering a lot of information by placing it all into one concept. For example: A B C D E F... can be ________ into "the Alphabet"
What is chunked or Chunking
The part of the brain that changes Short Term Memories into Long Term Memories
What are Explicit Memories and Implicit Memories
A kind of Implicit Memory, this category involves "muscle memory" and motor movements that you might not be sure how to explain to someone else. It involves the cerebellum and basal ganglia
What is Procedural Memory
A type of amnesia where the person cannot retrieve old information that happened before the amnesia
What is Retrograde Amnesia
The physiological development of neurons into pathways after the same process is used repeatedly. It is the opposite of Long Term Depression
What is Long Term Potentiation
Repeating short term information in the head for deeper understanding
What is Working Memory
A type of Retrieval Cue based on specific details of the Encoding Process: __________ dependent retrieval involves putting yourself in the same emotional or physical situation to recall information better.
What is State Dependent Retrieval
(Double Points) The other two categories of Implicit Memories, ________ (also a type of retrieval cue) and ________ (sometimes referred to as Operant Conditioning)
What are Priming and Learning
A kind of amnesia where the person cannot form new memories (often occurs when the hippocampus is damaged or removed)
What is Anterograde Amnesia