Memory Processes
This is the process of creating a permanent record of information.
What is storage?
This type of long-term memory contains information about events we have personally experienced.
What is episodic memory?
This memory error occurs when you confuse the source of your information.
What is misattribution?
When trying to remember information by associating it with personal experiences, you are utilizing this memory model.
What is the self-reference effect?
If you organized information into manageable bits to aid memory, you were using these.
What are mnemonic devices?
The type of memory that holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored.
What is short-term memory (STM)?
When remembering the meanings of words, concepts, and language-based knowledge, you are utilizing this type of memory.
What is semantic memory?
In a situation where old information hinders the recall of newly learned information, this memory error is illustrated.
What is proactive interference?
Tis theory explains the impact of processing information more deeply, making it easier to remember.
What is "levels of processing"?
Picture yourself learning to play the piano. As you repeat complex sequences of notes to be remembered, you are engaging in this type of memory reinforcement.
What is rehearsal?
The term for the formulation of new memories.
What is construction?
When you engage in a skill you've mastered, like riding a bike or playing an instrument, you are relying on this type of long-term memory.
What is procedural memory?
If you can't stop thinking about the events leading up to dropping your mom's favorite casserole dish, even though she told you just to forget about it (because she's not even that upset), you are dealing with this memory error.
What is persistence?
In situations where you encode informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words without consciously trying, you are engaging in this type of processing.
What is automatic processing?
Bob is a language enthusiast who learned Spanish in high school but forgot it over the years. Recently, he decided to reacquire his Spanish skills through dedicated study and repetition. Bob is employing this memory enhancing technique.
What is relearning?
In trying to remember a complex set of instructions for a new job, engaging in this process might be beneficial. You might pantomime the steps to the process with your hands on your walk home, reminding yourself why you do each step as you do it.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
When consciously trying to remember and recall specific facts, you are engaged in this type of memory process.
What is explicit memory?
Imagine you witness a car accident, and later, due to exposure to media reports, you mistakenly remember seeing a traffic light where there wasn't one, demonstrating the impact of this type of memory error.
What is the misinformation effect?
Suppose you are studying for an exam by repeating the information over and over again. According to memory models, you are engaged in this type of processing.
What is rehearsal?
John is a student studying a challenging concept in physics. As he deeply contemplate the meaning and applications of the theory of relativity, he employs this type of rehearsal, contributing to stronger memories.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
Imagine you are preparing for a critical exam, and you want to employ a memory-enhancing strategy. The concepts of encoding, storage, and retrieval align with the three-system model proposed by these psychologists ensuring you remember the material effectively.
Who are Atkinson and Shiffrin?
Consider your daily routine of brushing your teeth. This is the type of memory that comes into play when performing this habitual and automatic action.
What is implicit memory?
John is recounting a childhood event, but his sister points out that he has combined details from different incidents, creating a distorted memory. John is experiencing this memory error.
What is false memory or reconstruction?
Maria vividly remembers the smell of her grandmother's cookies, the warmth of the kitchen, and the sound of her laughter while baking. She encoded these are this type of memory.
What are sensory memories?
Jay is a student preparing for a biology exam, specifically focusing on cellular processes. Instead of cramming all the information the night before, Jay decides to study for 30 minutes each day for a week. By doing so, Jay is using this memory-enhancing strategy that involves studying across time in short durations.
What is distributed practice or spaced retrieval?