an active system that receives information from the senses, organizes and alters it as it stores it away, and then retrieves the information from storage.
What is memory
100
the memory system in which information is held for brief periods of time while being used.
What is short term memory
100
the system of memory into which all the information is placed to be kept more or less permanently.
What is long term memory
100
failure to process information into memory
What is encoding failure
100
type of memory retrieval in which the information to be retrieved must be "pulled" from memory with very few external cues.
What is recall
200
the set of mental operations that people perform on sensory information to convert that information into a form that is usable in the brain’s storage systems.
What is encoding
200
the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input.
What is selective attention
200
a method of transferring information from STM into LTM by making that information meaningful in some way.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
200
physical change in the brain that occurs when a memory is formed.
What is memory trace
200
- the tendency for memory of information to be improved if related information (such as surroundings or physiological state) available when the memory is first formed is also available when the memory is being retrieved.
What is encoding specifity
300
Model of memory that assumes the processing of information for memory storage is similar to the way a computer processes memory in a series of three stages.
What is information processing model
300
practice of saying some information to be remembered over and over in one’s head in order to maintain it in short-term memory (STMs tend to be encoded in auditory form).
What is maintenance rehearsal
300
type of long-term memory containing information that is conscious and known (memory for facts)
What is declarative memory
300
memory retrieval problem that occurs when older information prevents or interferes with the retrieval of newer information.
What is proactive interference
300
tendency of information at the beginning and end of a body of information to be remembered more accurately than information in the middle of the body of information.
What is serial position effect
400
Model of memory that assumes information that is more "deeply processed," or processed according to its meaning rather than just the sound or physical characteristics of the word or words, will be remembered more efficiently and for a longer period of time
What is levels of processing model
400
memory test in which a series of numbers is read to subjects in the experiment who are then asked to recall the numbers in order.
What is digit span test
400
type of long-term memory including memory for skills, procedures, habits, and conditioned responses. These memories are not conscious but are implied to exist because they affect conscious behavior.
What is procedural (nondeclarative) memory
400
the changes that take place in the structure and functioning of neurons when an memory is formed.
What is consolidation
400
the tendency of misleading information presented after an event to alter the memories of the event itself.
What is misinformation effect
500
Model of memory in which memory processes are proposed to take place at the same time over a large network of neural connections
What is parallel distributed processing model
500
Duration of STM
What is lasts from about 12 to 30 seconds without rehearsal
500
model of memory organization that assumes information is stored in the brain in a connected fashion, with concepts that are related stored physically closer to each other than retrieval cue a stimulus for remembering.
What is semantic network model
500
- loss of memory from the point of injury or trauma forward, or the inability to form new long-term memories ("senile dementia").
What is anterograde amnesia
500
tendency to remember information at the end of a body of information better than the information ahead of it.