Classical Conditioning
What is an unconditioned stimulus and an unconditioned response?
Behaviors that are followed by pleasurable consequences are likely to be repeated and those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated
What is Thorndike's Law of Effect?
The idea that people learn from watching the behavior of others, these others are ______
What are models?
The model of memory that assumes the processing of information for memory storage is similar to the way a computer processes memory in a series of 3 stages
What is the informational processing model of memory?
The process of keeping information in short-term memory by mentally repeating it
What is rehearsal?
An initially neutral stimulus that later becomes able to produce a reflexive response is a(n) ______; the reaction produced by it is a(n) ______
What is a conditioned stimulus and a conditioned response?
Anything when following a response increases the likelihood of the response occurring again
What is reinforcement?
He had children watch adults beat up a Bobo doll to see if they would perform the same behaviors
Who was Bandura?
The set of mental operations that people perform on sensory information to convert that information into a form that is usable to the brain
What is encoding?
The type of memory that holds information for hours, days, weeks, years, or even "forever"
What is long-term memory?
The period when the UCS and CS are paired together
What is acquisition?
Anything when following a response, makes it less likely that the response will happen again
What is punishment?
To learn through observation the learner must pay ______ to the model
What is attention?
Retaining or holding on to information for some period of time
What is storage?
Enhanced memory after retrieving it (taking it out and putting it back)
What is the testing effect?
When a response takes place when an organism responds to a stimulus that is similar to the conditioned stimulus
What is stimulus generalization?
What is an example of negative reinforcement?
To learn through observation, the learner must retain ______ of what was done
What is memory?
Getting information out that is in storage
What is retrieval?
External information that is associated with stored information and helps to bring it to mind
What is a retrieval cue?
A white rat, a white fur coat, a white Santa beard
What was Little Albert afraid of?
When you get a parking ticket for parking in a no-parking zone
What is an example of positive punishment?
To learn through observation, the learner must have the desire or ______ to perform the action
What is motivation?
The briefest type of memory lasting only a few seconds
What is sensory memory?
The inability to transfer new information from short term to long term (to make new memories) is ______; the inability to retrieve information that was acquired in the past is ______
What are anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?