Special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction. In animals, meiosis produces gametes (sperm and egg cells).
100
Who is Gregor Mendel...
Father of genetics
100
What is Crossing Over?
The area of the chromatid that exchanges with the matching chromatid of its homologous chromosome.
100
Crossing over during prophase I results in ______________.
Genetic Variation
100
What is the one difference between plant and animal mitosis?
Plants form a cell wall between the two new cells
200
Cells containing 2 alleles for each trait are described as....
Diploid
200
Why did Mendel use pea plants?
They are simple and can self pollinate
200
What is The difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?
Heterozygous incomplete = blending of phenotype
Heterozygous codominance = both phenotypes equally shown
200
The passing on of traits from parent to offspring is ______________.
Heredity
200
Draw a monohybrid punnet square for two parents passing down an XX and an XY gene.
see punnet square
300
A female guinea pig is homozygous dominant for black fur color mated with a male that is homozygous for white fur color. If they had 8 offsprings, how many would be black?
All 8 would have black fur
300
these can be used to predict the possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes
Punnett Squares
300
Draw a centromere
center of the chromosome
300
The phase of mitosis wherein chromosomes line up along the center of the cell is __________.
Metaphase
300
Mitosis occurs for these types of cells
Body cells
400
Which portion of Meisois does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
400
In a punnet square, each parent has ____ allele(s), and passes down ______ allele(s)
2,1
400
Chromosomal mutation that causes 2 x and 1 y chromosome or just one x chromosome
nondisjunction
400
The idea that one trait does not necessarily always get passed down with another trait is called the Principle of___________
Independent assortment
400
How does a virus create more viruses? Be as detailed as possible.
Viruses insert their DNA or RNA into a host cell, hijacking the cell's ribosomes and replication proteins to make more copies of the virus genetic information and protein coat.
500
Meiosis ends with (#) cells, all of which are _________
4, haploid
500
Provide an example of parents that are homozygous dominant for two traits, and heterozygous for two traits
RRYY, RrYy
500
What is a centriole?
The "traffic controllers" of the cell during mitosis and meiosis - they control the spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes
500
______________ are responsible for traits such as skin color, height, etc
polygenic traits
500
What is the protein that is responsible for cell cycle regulation?