Mendel & his discoveries
Who was Mendel?
The Father of genetics
What is the punnett square used for?
To determine the outcome of genetic crossings.
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
Examples: hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc...
What is a hybrid?
Heterozygous cross
Scientific word for pure/true-breeding
homozygous
Some genes can be hidden or covered up by another. These are considered to be-
Recessive
Cross: AA × aa
What is the genotype of all offspring?
Aa
Allele that masks the effect of another allele.
What is dominant?
What is an organism with two of the same alleles?
Homozygous
Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait and the other homozygours reccessive (e), what is the only possible genotype of the offspring?
Ee
What are alleles?
Different versions of a gene
Cross: aa × aa
What will all offspring look like?
all recessive trait
The physical trait observed in an offspring is known as it's -
Phenotype
Offspring of the P (parental) generation from Mendel's Crosses
F1 generation
Cross: Aa × aa
List all possible offspring genotypes
Aa, aa
True or False: All dominant traits are more common in a population
False
Specific allele combination an organism has for a trait
genotype
Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive. (d) Both parents are heterozygous for the dominant trait. What percentage of the children will NOT have dimples?
25%
Inheritance of one trait has no effect on the inheritance of another
What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
Cross: Aa × Aa
How many different phenotypes appear?
2
Why can two parents with dominant phenotypes have recessive offspring?
heterozygous parents (3:1 D:R phenotype for offspring)
What is the Law of Segregation?
Alleles separate during the process of meiosis to create unique gametes.
Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark and one is white. What does this tell you about the parents' genes for fur color?
Dark brown is dominant and white fur is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous.