Basic Concepts
Marks the first menstrual cycle
What is menarche?
The common symptom of menopause that involves feeling warm suddenly
What is hot flashes?
It is typical to initiate hormonal therapy at this time
What is age < 60 years or < 10 years past menopause with bothersome VSM
This lifestyle change helps regulate sleep
What is regular exercise?
This non-hormonal treatment class should be monitored for vision changes
What is SERMs
Hormone that primarily decreases during menopause
What is estrogen?
The official diagnosis of menopause
What is absence of menstruation for 12 consecutive months in women ages 45-55 without other pathophysiologic or physiologic causes?
This is a major risk of long-term estrogen therapy
What is increased risk of blood clots?
The SKYLIGHT trial focused on this new VSM therapy. Provide name and class
What is Fezolinetant (Veozah) and NKB antagonist
This is a serious risk of long-term estrogen only therapy
What is endometrial cancer in women with a uterus?
Average age range for the onset of menopause
What is 45-55 years
These are two symptoms of vulvovaginal symptoms due to menopause
What are vaginal dryness, atrophy, burning, irritation, discharge?
This is a benefit of transdermal route over oral route
What is avoid FPLM which leads to reduced hepatic effects?
This is a non-hormonal treatment option for hot flashes and osteoporosis.
What is SERMs, Raloxifene or Bazedoxifene?
This bone condition is a complication of prolonged low estrogen levels
What is osteoporosis?
The most potent naturally occurring estrogen
What is estradiol (E2)?
This bone condition is commonly associated with menopause
What is osteoporosis?
The reason for combined therapy with progestogen
What is to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer?
True or False: Vaginal lubricants contain polycarbophil or hyaluronic acid to draw fluid into vaginal wall
What is false?
True or False: Hormonal therapy is recommended indefinitely for all women in menopause.
What is false?
The three phases of the menstrual cycle
What are follicular, ovulation and luteal phase?
The 2 main categories of menopausal symptoms
What is VSM and GSM?
True or False: Transdermal estrogen has a lower clot risk than oral estrogen
What is true?
This medication is prescribed for moderate-severe dyspareunia and vaginal dryness in menopausal women
What is Ospemifene (Osphena)?
This non-hormonal treatment option for VSM needs caution in patients with renal impairment
What is gabapentin?