Trauma & Stress Disorders
True/False: PTSD can only occur within the first year after a traumatic event.
False. It can occur months or even years later.
What is it called when you have a fear of open spaces?
Agoraphobia
Of Bipolar I and Bipolar II, which is considered the "most severe" form?
Anhedonia.
What are your FIRST-generation antipsychotics?
*BONUS*
What does this type of antipsychotic primarily reduce?
Haloperidol or chlorpromazine
*POSITIVE symptoms of Schizophrenia (have little effect on negative symptoms)
What are some pharmacologic interventions that can be used for PTSD? (3 categories of medications)
SSRI's (sertraline, paroxetine), MAOI's (phenelzine), SNRI's (venlafaxine)
Which of the four levels of anxiety would this occur?
"Focus is lost. Markedly disturbed behavior - immobility, severe hyperactivity, or flight. May lead to exhaustion."
Panic
What are some early signs of toxicity for the main mood stabilizer prescribed?
Hand tremors, confusion, hyperirritability of muscles, sedation, incoordination, GI upset.
Electroconvulsive therapy, individual/group therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation
Name the NEGATIVE symptoms of this disorder.
SIX A's.
Affect (blunted), Alogia, Anhedonia, Avolition, Asociality, Apathy
This disorder can occur after a highly traumatic event and is diagnosed within 3 days to 1 month.
Acute Stress Disorder
Which defense mechanism is exhibited?
Imagine an employee who is angry with their boss. They take out their anger on their spouse when they get home. Now angry themselves, the spouse might be irritable with their children.
Displacement
What is your desired outcome for the acute phase of BD?
What are some tricyclic antidepressants your patient could be prescribed with this disorder?
amitriptyline, imipramine
A patient who has been being treated for schizophrenia for 6 months starts to exhibit stiff, jerky movements including facial grimacing and sticking out their tongue. They are most likely experiencing what side effect?
Tardive dyskinesia.
This disorder can occur with losing a loved one due to death. It is manifested by intense yearning and longing for the deceased.
Adjustment disorder.
What medication can treat anxiety, but is not suitable for PRN usage because effects develop slowly?
Buspirone
Name some anticonvulsant/antiepileptic medications that could be indicated to take with BD.
- Valproic acid/Valproate
- Carbamazepine
- Lamotrigine
What medication prescribed for this disorder is categorized as an atypical antidepressant?
bupropion or trazadone
What are your phases of this disorder?
Prodromal, acute, stabilization, and maintenance/residual.
The presence of two or more distinct personality states that recurrently take control of behavior is known as ______________.
Dissociative identity disorder
For Generalized Anxiety Disorder, what needs to be present according to DSM-5 criteria? (Name at least 4)
- excessive worry lasting months
- restlessness
- difficulty concentrating/mind going blank
- irritability
- muscle tension
- sleep disturbances
When a patient is experiencing a mania mood, what may they be exhibiting?
Euphoria, boundless enthusiasm, over joyous mood, continuous laughing, joking, and talking.
What is an MAOI prescribed for this disorder and what are you educating your patient on about it?
Phenelzine. Have a tyramine-free diet. Check BP/educate on symptoms of hypertensive crisis.
"His mannerologies are poor" is an example of what type of alteration in speech?
Neologism