Mental Health
What can negatively impact your mental health?
What causes mental health problems?
- childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect.
- poor self esteem, social isolation or loneliness.
- experiencing discrimination and stigma, including racism.
- social disadvantage, poverty or debt.
- maladaptive grieving, bereavement overload
- severe or prolonged stress.
- having a long-term physical health condition.
- alcohol, substance use and abuse
- Etc…
Name some examples of bad coping mechanisms
Some of the most common unhealthy coping mechanisms are:
Avoiding issues, sleeping too much, drug or alcohol use, impulsive spending, over or under eating, criticizing yourself (negative self-talk), over speeding, chewing your fingernails, becoming aggressive or violent, drinking a lot of coffee, smoking or chewing tobacco.
What are the signs of depression?
The persistent feeling of sadness or loss of interest that characterizes major depression can lead to a range of behavioral and physical symptoms. These may include changes in sleep, appetite, energy level, concentration, daily behavior, or self-esteem.
Side effects of antipsychotics?
Extrapyramidal symptoms, weight gain, hypercholesterolamia, hyperprolactinaemia, a milky nipple discharge, missed periods, men’s breasts getting larger than normal, the body not producing enough testosterone, sperm, or both, sexual dysfunction, an increased risk of osteoporosis, a health condition that weakens bones, sedation, sleep apnea, anticholinergic effects, postural hypotension. hypertension, seizures, less glucose tolerance, issues with the heart or blood vessels, stroke risk, blood clots in the veins, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), Pneumonia, Neutropenia, Effects on liver function, Photosensitivity, Skin disorders, Double vision, Increase in drug or alcohol use, Restless legs syndrome
Pattern of aggression toward others, and serious violations of rules and social norms at home, in school, and with peers, breaking serious rules, such as running away, staying out at night when told not to, or skipping school, being aggressive in a way that causes harm, such as bullying, fighting, or being cruel to animals, lying, stealing, or damaging other people’s property on purpose
Conduct Disorder
Which neurotransmitters are most commonly associated with mental disorders?
Monoamine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine or serotonin are the most important neurotransmitters in pathophysiology of mood disorders and in mechanisms of action of antidepressants.
Name some healthy coping mechanisms.
Some common coping strategies are:
Lowering your expectations, asking for help, taking responsibility for the situation, engaging in problem solving, maintaining emotionally supportive relationships, maintaining emotional composure or, expressing distressing emotions, practice meditation, yoga, pray, music, dance, pet therapy, exercise, painting, journaling, bake, cook, deep breathing, aromatherapy e.t.c.
Bipolar Disorder?
A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depression to mania.
Foods to avoid when on MAOI meds?
Avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheese, aged meats, and fermented foods
????affects a child’s nervous system and growth and development. Highlights include restricted activities or interests, repetitive, stereotype patterns of behavior, impaired communication and imaginative activities, impaired social interactions, it often shows up during a child’s first 3 years of life.
Autism disorder
Define Mental Illness
MI is a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder with moderate, severe, or extreme functional behavior in specific areas of lifestyle.
Name the five stages of grief by Kubler Ross
The stages of grief are: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
Name some risk factors for suicide
Active Psychiatric d/o, single, divorced, widow, LGBTQ, availability of firearms, male gender, white race, Family hx, previous attempt, bullying, bereavement overload
Name some mood stabilizers
Lithium, Anticonvulsants which include carbamazepine (Tegretol), lamotrigine (Lamictal), valproate (Depakote, Epilim)
IDD or Mental Retardation
Intellectual development disorder is a neuro-developmental disorder that causes problems with intellectual tasks. Children with intellectual development disorder have trouble with things like learning, communicating, thinking rationally, making judgments, and planning. Impairments in measured intellectual performance and adaptive skills across multiple domains.
What are the rights of psychiatric patients?
•Right to least restrictive environment
•Right to refuse treatment
•Right to wear own clothing
•Right to receive mail, visitors or telephone calls
•Right to Informed Consent
-Medications
-reatments
Milieu Therapy
Milieu therapy is a safe, structured, group treatment method for mental health issues. It involves using everyday activities and a conditioned environment to help people with interaction in community settings. Milieu therapy is a flexible treatment intervention that may work together with other treatment methods.
PTSD
A disorder in which a person has difficulty recovering after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event.
Sedative Hypnotics: Types & Uses
Benzodiazepines include Xanax, Librium, Valium, and Ativan, common Z-drugs include Ambien, Lunesta and Sonata.
Medications which can reduce anxiety and produce a calming effect by inducing the onset of sleep as well as maintaining sleeping duration, used in treatment of different psychiatric disorders including anxiety and insomnia.
ADHD
One of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood. Highlights are inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity.
Disorders that occur when traits become rigid and inflexible and contribute to maladaptive patterns of behavior or impairment in functioning.
Personality Disorders like antisocial, paranoid, narcissitic, dependent, schizotypal, schizoid or histrionic personality disorder.
CBT
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a talking therapy that can help you manage your problems by changing the way you think and behave. It's most commonly used to treat anxiety and depression, but can be useful for other mental and physical health problems.
????? is a serious mental disorder in which people interpret reality abnormally, it may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs daily functioning, and can be disabling.
Schizophrenia
What group of meds are these?
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Selegiline (Emsam, Eldepryl)
MAOIs
This disorder shows up in childhood with simple tics like eye blinking, neck jerking or facial grimacing or complex motor tics like squatting, skipping, hopping and vocal tics like squeaks, barks or grunts.
Tourette or Tic Disorder