Stigma
Latinos have lower mental health services utilization rates, what do they have higher rates of?
Premature treatment termination
What percent of Latinx people received mental health services in 2019?
9.7%
What kinds of cultural differences among Latinx people can lead to misdiagnosis?
Many but one is that Latinos may describe the symptoms of depression as “nervios” (nervousness), tiredness or a physical ailment. These symptoms are consistent with depression, but doctors who are not aware of how culture influences mental health may not recognize this.
Latinos are more likely to utilize their primary care doctors for mental health services than a specialist. What implications does this have?
Primary care practices have been found to be less likely to use care management processes for a chronic illness like depression compared to chronic physical illnesses like asthma or diabetes, leading to a lack of adequate care for depression in the primary care setting.
A large portion of the Latino community in the US are immigrants, how can migration impact mental health?
Immigration-related stressors can increase suicidal ideation and risk due to the distress associated with cultural stress, social marginalization, and intergenerational conflicts in addition to PTSD and other psychological disorders.
The stigma around mental health is only second to what problem in Native communities?
HIV
What percent of Native people received mental health services in 2019?
6.1%
Native nations recognize many mental health conditions that unaware healthcare professionals will misdiagnose. What is one?
Wacinko is a condition involving anger, withdrawal, depression, and slowed thoughts or movements. This is misdiagnosed often as schizophrenia or depression.
Native/Indigenous communities in America report experiencing serious psychological distress how many times more than the general population over a month's time?
2.5 times more
Loss of lands and implementation of a reservation system for Natives leads to what?
Historical trauma which is a contributing factor of mental health conditions
What percent of African Americans seek mental health treatment, compared to 40% of white Americans?
25%
What percent of African American people had an unmeet need of mental health services in 2019?
5.3%
Black and African American people are more often diagnosed with what disorder and less often diagnosed with mood disorders compared to white people with the same symptoms?
Schizophrenia
Representation in healthcare is important. What percent of African Americans are in the American Psychological Association? What implications can this have?
Less than 2 percent of American Psychological Association members are Black or African American. Some may worry that mental health care practitioners are not culturally competent enough to treat their specific issues
Slavery and modern-day racism which manifests in things such as redlining and keeping African Americans in certain areas or out of other areas lead to differences in socioeconomic status. What impacts does this have?
This leads to exclusion of health services and mental health because of their exclusion from white society. This all takes a toll on mental health.
Women are often viewed as the backbones of the family- caregivers for all. How can this impact mental health?
There is pressure ot constantly look after other people and ignore their own struggles or do not want to be seen as weak.
Public mental health programs are lacking for women. What percent of women in these programs vs those that can get their own care actually need these services?
31% vs 21%
What disorder is commonly misdiagnosed among women?
Bipolar disorder as major depression
___ times as many women than men experience depression at some point in their lives?
2 times
What challenges do rural women face?
Higher risks of depression, domestic violence, and poverty. The mental health services available in rural areas, often described as “loosely organized, of uneven quality, and low in resources”.
Mental health stigma can lead to discrimination, and youth are treated differently or poorly because of their diagnosis. What impacts can this have?
Fewer opportunities for education, employment, and social activities which further impact their mental health.
What youth groups are more likely to have less access to health care coverage? What services are being created to help this?
Young people of color, Indigenous youth, and LGBTQ+ youth. Specialized youth clinics and school programs.
Misdiagnosis is most common in what kinds of youth?
Children of color
What was the second leading cause of death for youth?
Suicide
Despite higher suicide rates among rural youth, there are _____ mental health facilities for youth that provide suicide prevention services.
FEWER