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Lorraine is a 16 year old teen, who has a history of attention-seeking behaviors. Recently Lorraine's family moved into a different state, and Lorraine began attending a new high school. Lorraine has been feeling very lonely in her new environment. Last week she reported being unable to move out of bed and get ready for school. Lorraine's parents attempted to help their daughter sit up, but her muscles wouldn't "cooperate". An ambulance was called, and Lorraine was taken to the local emergency room. No medical findings were revealed by the medical team who assessed Lorraine's condition. Her situation is most likely an example of a
Conversion Disorder
What is the difference between hallucinations and delusions?
Delusions mean distorted interpretations of perceptions or experiences, and hallucinations mean sensory perceptions in the absence of a stimulus.
Chromosomal disorders present with similar and differing characteristics depending on the mutation associated with the chromosome or gene. In some cases, some children are diagnosed with orthopedic atlantoaxial subluxation which is an instability, subluxation, and or misalignment of C1 and C2. Occupational therapists need to modify activities to protect and prevent injury. This condition is seen in children with:
Down Syndrome
What was Autism originally called in the DSM-4?
Pervasive Developmental Disorder
What condition might manifest in infancy and childhood as a picky eater, may accompany ASD, body image is intact, sensory sensitivities may be present
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
When Tommy was a middle school student he frequently argued with his parents and teased his sbilings. When confronted, Tommy never took responsibility for his actions and blamed on others for provoking his behavior.Today Tommy is 16. In the last year he initiated three physical fights with other high school students. Last week he was caught attempting to steal money from his classmates locker. What can his past and current behaviors be diagnosed as?
Tommy's middle school behaviors could be diagnosed as symptoms of the Oppositional Defiant Disorder, but his current behaviors meet the criteria for the Conduct Disorder.
What are issues that may arise for people who use heroin or cocaine?
HIV, legal issues, Perforation of the nasal septum
At least 5 episodes per hour of brief breathing cessation during sleep, and resulting poor quality of sleep and fatigue not due to body structures
Central Sleep Apnea
What condition is the failure to speak in specific social situations? How long must symptoms show before diagnosis?
Selective Mutism- one month at least
An occupational therapist working in an acute care setting is faced with the realities of working within a medical model framework. What treatment strategy can be used to incorporate the social model into this type of setting?
client centered and occupation based
Potential side effects from Benzodiazepines
blurred vision, sedation, impaired coordination, diziness
Borderline Personality Disorder is primarily characterized by:
Unstable self-concept and interpersonal relationships, fear of abandonment, angry outbursts, splitting, self-harming behaviors and transient stress-related paranoid ideation or dissociation.
What is the difference between Rhett's and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder ?
Rett's Disorder is seen in girls only and exhibits self after the affected child develops normally for at least 5 months, while Childhood Disintegrative Disorder is seen in boys only and exhibits self after the affected child develops normally for about 2 years.
Peter is an anxious 7-years- old boy. He frequently has thoughts about his parents passing away. To prevent his parents' death, Peter quietly counts to one hundred every time this scary thought "attacks" him. What are Peter's thoughts an example of?
Peter's thought about his parents' death represents an obsession, and his counting behavior represents a mental compulsion
What is the classifications of an intellectual disability?
Mild~ IQ 55-70
Moderate~ IQ 40-55
Severe~IQ 25-40
Profound~ IQ below 25
Tamara is an 8-years-old physically healthy child, who enjoys playing with her peers. Even though her cognition is intact, Tamara struggles with finding words and putting sentences together when attempting to describe situations or to express her opinion. Her symptoms might meet criteria for the following diagnosis:
Expressive Language Disorder
Difference between 1st Gen and 2nd Gen Antipsychotics? What are some side effects of each? Bonus points if you can name examples!!
1st gen: block D2 Dopamine receptors and treat primarily positive symptoms. Ex: Thorazine, Haldol, Prolixin Side effects:sedation, sun sensitivity, dry mouth, blurred vision
2nd gen:block D1 Dopamine and Serotonin receptors, and treat positive and negative symptoms and cognition. Ex: Clozapine, Risperidone Side Effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, weight gain
Difference between Bipolar 1 and 2
BP 1:At least one manic episode (often recurrent) May be followed by episodes of major depression
BP2:At least one (sometimes recurrent) major depressive episode(s) is/are followed by at least one hypomanic episode
Felix is a 25-years-old male who was recently diagnosed with schizophrenia. Felix has been hospitalized three times in the last two years due to hearing voices telling him that "he was worthless and had to kill himself". After his last discharge from the hospital Felix has been increasingly isolative and withdrawn. He has also been having difficulty with getting out of bed and showering. Which one of the statements below describes what may be happening for Felix most accurately?
Felix was exhibiting positive signs of schizophrenia initially, but is now exhibiting negative signs.
symptoms that meet Criteria B for Autism
Echolalia, Stereotypic movement patterns, Sensory hyposensitivity and sensation-seeking
A therapist is treating children in the school system notices a child under her care has a tendency to hoard food and frequently asks friends to share their lunch. The therapist has been working on behavior modification related to eating but has noticed more recently, that the child is picking at their skin. These types of behaviors are commonly seen in children who have a genetic disorder called:
Prader Willi Syndrome
What are commonly used to treat tics?
brain stimulants, Anti-psychotic medications, Antidepressants
Individuals affected by Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) may benefit from the following treatment
CBT, Benzos, and Expressive therapies
What condition has experiences of detachment from self and the surroundings; correlates with panic disorder; 2% of Americans are affected
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder:
Andrew is an intern at a mental health clinic. He has a previous history of a personality disorder, but is very bright and hardworking, and has been able to pursue a medical career despite the recurrent episodes of depression and anxiety. Andrew wants to become a psychiatrist and is especially interested in psychoanalysis. The internship has been extremely stressful for Andrew, and he has not been feeling well emotionally for the last several weeks. Recently he developed a belief that Freud was still alive, and that the two of them (Andrew and Freud) shared a special bond. Andrew's belief is an example of:
Bizarre delusion