Rx
Within the two types of medications used to treat schizophrenia - atypical and typical - which is the older version?
Typicals
What is the prevalence of schizophrenia in Canada?
1%
What are the three ways in Canada that a person can be certified / held involuntarily in a hospital? (Or, who are the three 'groups' of professionals that can force an involuntary hospital stay?)
By doctor recommendation.
By court order.
By the authorities.
Define the word: Psychiatrist
Psychiatrists are physicians who are specially trained in treating mental health disorders.
They can:
1. diagnose
2. prescribe medication
3. offer psychotherapy
In the downtown Eastside of Vancouver, one will likely witness an ACT team on the streets helping people. Who do ACT teams primarily work with?
People who have difficulty accessing mental health programs or systems.
A client tells you they are taking 'benzos'. What are they referring to and what do 'benzos' do?
Benzodiazepine are often prescribed in the treatment of anxiety disorders to have a 'sedating' or calming effect on the nervous system. They can be highly addictive and, therefore, overused.
When do the majority of mental illness develop:
1. childhood and adolescence
or
2. adulthood
1. Childhood and adolescence
According to TTM (Trans-Theorectical Model), what is the main sign that someone is in the contemplation stage?
The client has intention and is prepared to take action.
Sometimes seen with schizophrenia, this state of extreme motor-disruption may range: from being completely frozen or immobile; to mute; to appearing dissociated with lack of response; to exaggerated, agitated movements.
Catatonia
What must happen, according to the Mental Health Act, with a patient within 24 hours of being certified / committed involuntarily into the hospital?
A second assessment for medical certification by another doctor is necessary to keep them involuntarily. If not, the patient may leave the hospital at their will.
What disorder is lithium generally prescribed to treat?
Mania present in Bipolar I
The presence of (full) mania is the main difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II. True or False?
True!
List two reasons why the Recovery Vision model for mental health treatment receives heavy critique.
1. It can encourage people to move away from the mental health system despite needing treatment.
2. It instills a false sense of hope for people experiencing severe mental illness /recovery.
3. Encourages risk-taking in personal recovery, which isn't always appropriate.
What are three ways that gender and culture can affect someone's experience with mental illness, as well as a diagnosis of a disorder?
Gender:
1. can determine risk factors for certain disorders
2. can influence the likelihood that particular symptoms of a disorder are experienced
3. can determine how 'socially acceptable' it is to report symptoms or seek support
Culture:
1. One single psychiatric model doesn't fit every cultural variation of how people experience, express and cope with distress.
2. May define how socially acceptable it is (within that culture) to seek treatment.
3. Exiting mistrust in practitioners and systems due to oppression and colonization.
Under the Mental Health Act, name three rights of the patient.
1. To receive a second opinion/assessment on their condition.
2. To be explained the reason why they are being hospitalized.
3. Ask for a lawyer or Rights Advocate.
4. Ask for a formal review / appeal of your admission.
Name two reasons for monitoring the elderly closely when they take anti-depressants?
1. The elderly are generally taking 1+ medications - cause interactions.
2. The elderly may metabolize medications differently.
3. There may be a reduced rate of adherence due to taking a high number of pills per day.
What is the most prevalent mental health disorder amount youth currently?
Anxiety
What is does the triangle of Beck's CBT model explore, and what two interventions may be used in its treatment?
Thoughts - Behaviours - Emotions triangle
Identify Irrational Thoughts
Giving Clients Homework for new skills
Challenging Distortions
Identifying ANTs
True of false? Schizophreniform shows the same symptomatic presentations as schizophrenia except that the duration is shorter and does not meet the requirement for decline or impairment of functioning.
True
If a 13 year old is admitted involuntarily into the hospital (their parents gave consent), is it considered an involuntary admission according to the Mental Health Act?
No. Under 16 years old, it is considered a voluntary admission because permission was given by parents or an authority to keep the child safe. Records do not show involuntary admissions until the age of 16 and older.
True or False? Family physicians write the most prescriptions in Canada for psychotropic medication.
True
What is DBT and what is it most commonly used to treat?
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy is a modified version of CBT which refers to using the balance of acceptance and change within a client to acquire new skills and ways of dealing with problems.
Commonly treats: BPD, Mood Disorders, Self-Harm
Interventions: Stress Tolerance, Emotional Regulation, Interpersonal Relationship Skills, etc.
What are five commonalities of psychosis disorders? (what are the common symptoms?)
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Thought/speech disorder
4. Loss of contact with reality
5. Negative symptoms
This disorder is characterized by intense mood swings, impulsive behaviours, extreme fear or worry of abandonment, and unstable relationships.
Borderline Personality Disorder
According to the Stress Vulnerability Model, mental illness stems from...
a combination of internal factors (genes) and environmental factors (stress, trauma). It incorporates both nature/nurture factors.