Basic Concepts
Most accepted explanation for mental illness
Combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors.
Biological predisposition
&
Environmental stress/trauma
Diathesis + Stress Model
Formulate a plan of care
Purpose of an assessment
Brainstem
Function: Brain waves
Seizure, migraines, brain activity and changes in
Alertness
EEG
Cellular Composition of the Brain
Neurons: respond to stimuli, conduct electrical impulses, release chemicals called Neurotransmitter
Resilience
Ability and capacity to secure resources needed to support well being. characterized by Optimism , sense of mastery, and competence. Essential to recovery
Components of an assessment
Core
Regulates internal organs/ vital functions
Structural: magnetic field applied to the brain to produce 3D radio waves.
Detect: Brain edema, Ischemia, infection, Neoplasm, Trauma
Schizophernia: enlarged ventricles, reductions in temporal and prefrontal lobe
MRI: Magnetic Resonance
When Neurotransmitters are taken back into the synaptic cell from which they were originally released.
Cellular Re uptake
Obtaining and Making:connections, avoid seeing issues as unfix-able, accept change, having goals, self-discover, positive self view, hopeful outlook.
Strengthening Resilience
Ideas of harming self or others
– Basic drives/ link between though, emotion, internal organs
Biological clock may be de-synchronized by external or internal factors
Hypothalamus
Structure: X-ray images of the brain, analysis of slices providing 3D reconstruction of each segment
Detect: Lesions, Abrasions, Infarct, Aneurysm, Cognitive Abnormalities
CT : Computed Tomography
THEY:
Respond to Stimuli
Conduct Electrical Impulses
Release Chemicals called NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Neurons
Diagnosis based on description of symptoms, enviromental stressors and concerns, Global functioning
DSM-5
Examination use to assess cognitive status
Alert and orientated
attention span to calculate counting backwards
recalling objects
Language, object naming, following commands, ability to write
Mini-Mental State Examination
– Processing center for sensory information
Brainstem
Both: Structure and Function
Radioactive substance injection that travels to the brain showing bright spots which produces 3D images of CNS activity
Detect: Oxygen utilization, glucose metabolism, blood flow, Neurotransmitter/receptor interaction
Schizophrenia, Mood disorders, Adult ADHD
PET: Position-emission tomography
6 domains: Cognitive, Mobility, Self- Care, Getting alone with others, Life activities, Participation
WHODAS Global functioning
Used to determine a baseline assessment of LOC
high value is 15 = Alert and Oriented X 3
A score of < 7 = Coma
GCS
Equilibrium
cerebellum
Least restrictive care setting
manage the severity of MI
Assist the PT to live at the highest, most in-dependable level of functioning
The Goal for pt's with mental illness
Mistaken Mental Illness
What is the Importance of a full Assessment
Cerebrum
Appearance
Behavior
Speech
Mood
Disorders of the form thought
Perceptual disturbances
Ideas of harming self or others
Cognition
Mental Status Exam
Primary responsible for regulating emotional responses
composed of numerous functional structures: Frontal cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, brain stem, ANS.
Limbic System