Assessment II
Reaction to medications that occurs 5-30 days after the first dose and is characterized by tremors, bradykinesia, and a shuffling gait. This can be treated with benztropine.
Pseudoparkinsonism
Third generation psychotic with the lowest risk for extrapyramidal symptoms and weight loss. This should be taken at night as it can cause drowsiness.
aripiprazole
This enhances self-esteem and encourages repetition of acceptable behaviors. Is an intervention for social isolation, impaired verbal communication, and self care deficit.
Positive reinforcement
This hormone could be increased if there is a dopamine blockage and leads to galactorrhea, or milk production
Prolactin
This is the inability to experience pleasure
Anhedonia
This is a reaction to antipsychotics and antidepressants that causes an inability to be still. Can be shown by agitation or pacing and is treated by benzodiazepines or beta blockers
Akathisia
Mood stabilizers that are used to treat anxiety and some positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Valproate and lamotrigine
Nursing intervention for risk for self-mutilation.
One-on-one observation. Protect from behavior then determine source of anxiety.
This type of delusion makes a patient believe that they have a medical condition or distorted body image
Somatic delusion
Condition where a patient has denial of their deficit and is unable to recognize their health problems
Anosognosia
Syndrome that presents with high fever, confusion, ridigity, sweating, and tachycardia that results within a month of starting antipsychotics
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Atomoxetine and bupropropion are alternative medications used for this disorder
ADHD
Nursing interventions for patient with conduct disorder
Develop trusting relationship. Discuss unacceptable behaviors and consequences in matter-of-fact manner. Provide activities for the patient to redirect their anger. Provide group situations for the patient.
Disorder that is vindictive or spiteful, seeks out revenge
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
Concrete thinking, or taking every phrase literally, is associated with which disorders
Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder
Psychomotor syndrome from schizophrenia that can show as agitated purposeless movements and a vegetative state
Catatonia
Second generation antipsychotics that treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Adverse effects are sedation, dizziness, agitation, and neutropenia.
risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and clozapine
A patient has persecutory delusions and is convinced that the staff is trying to poison him. What are some nursing considerations and interventions?
Reinforce and focus on reality. Use the same staff as much as possible. Avoid physical contact (warn beforehand if you must). Do not whisper around the patient. Be assertive and matter-of-fact. Do not argue. Develop trust. Mouth checks might be necessary to verify meds have been taken.
Involuntary muscular movements or spasms of face, arms, legs, and neck
Dystonia
Intervention to lower anxiety that can escalate to violent behavior
You are speaking with a patient who repeatedly stops talking mid sentence. This patient is known to talk to themselves and have hallucinations. What are some nursing interventions that could be done?
Ask what the voices are saying (could prevent command hallucinations early, always refer to auditory hallucinations as "the voices" to avoid reinforcement), try to distract the patient, say how you do not hear the voices but that you realize they are real to the patient