British Mercantilism & Trade Acts
Economic theory stating colonies exist exclusively to supply raw materials and purchase manufactured goods from the mother country.
What is Mercantilism?
Catholic English king who created the Dominion of New England in 1686 to crack down on colonial smuggling.
Who is King James II?
The bloodless 1688 overthrow of Catholic King James II by Parliament in favor of Protestant rulers.
What is the "Glorious Revolution"?
New York merchant and militia commander who seized the colonial government in 1689 and ruled until executed for treason.
Who is Jacob Leisler?
British king who chartered the colony of Georgia in 1732 as a military buffer against Spanish Florida and a debtor haven.
Who is King George II?
Series of parliamentary laws (1660, 1663, 1673) requiring colonial commerce to travel solely on English ships.
What are the Navigation Acts?
The centralized royal super-colony created in 1686 that combined New England, NY, and NJ under direct royal rule.
What is the Dominion of New England?
The Protestant daughter of James II who became queen of England alongside her Dutch husband in 1688.
Who is Queen Mary II?
The Catholic proprietor of Maryland whose government was overthrown by Protestant insurgents in 1689.
Who is Lord Baltimore (Cecilius Calvert)?
French "Sun King" whose explorers claimed the entire Mississippi River basin, naming it Louisiana in his honor.
Who is King Louis XIV?
The colonial representative assembly in Boston that defiantly declared British trade laws did not reach across the ocean.
What is the Massachusetts General Court?
Despotic royal governor of the Dominion of New England who eliminated local assemblies and was jailed by Boston colonists in 1689.
Who is Sir Edmund Andros?
Dutch Protestant prince who invaded England and ruled jointly with his wife Queen Mary II.
Who is William of Orange (King William III)?
Protestant leader who led a 1689 rebellion in Maryland, driving out Lord Baltimore's officials and establishing royal rule.
Who is John Coode?
Spanish fort and Franciscan mission established in 1718 in Texas (modern San Antonio) to counter French encroachment.
What is San Fernando (or San Antonio)?
Two English courtiers granted New Jersey by the Duke of York in 1664 who split the colony into East and West Jersey.
Who are Sir John Berkeley & Sir George Carteret?
Traditional legal protections (such as trial by jury and no taxation without representation) claimed by colonists as British subjects.
What are the "Rights of Englishmen"?
Violent rebellions staged by enslaved people in the Caribbean sugar colonies that terrified white planters.
What are Slave revolts?
Elected colonial bodies (such as the Virginia House of Burgesses) empowered to enact local laws and levy taxes.
What are Representative assemblies?
Worldwide war (1756–1763) between Great Britain and France (and Spain) that expelled French colonial power from North America.
What is the Seven Years’ War (or French and Indian War)?
Early female Quaker leader who helped spread the faith and promoted the public religious ministry of women.
Who is Margaret Fell?
Deputy governor stationed in New York under Sir Edmund Andros who was ousted during a 1689 colonial rebellion.
Who is Captain Francis Nicholson?
Comprehensive colonial statutes that stripped enslaved Africans of legal rights and made bondage hereditary.
What are Slave codes?
English shoemaker who founded the Quaker faith in the mid-17th century.
Who is George Fox?
Southwest Native American tribe that mounted fierce cavalry raids against both Spanish settlements and Pueblo villages.
Who are the Apache (or Navajo)?