The Land Before Time
Mesopotamia is located in what is now modern day __________.
What is Iraq
The belief in many Gods
What is Polytheism?
A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.
What is a City State
The spread of ideas, products, and culture
Cultural Diffusion
Contains the books of Moses aka the first 5 books of the old testament, among other things
What is the Torah?
Expert sailors
Who were the Phoenicians
An arc of land from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf that was called THIS, because of its soil and shape.
What is the fertile crescent
The holiday celebrated by Jews in remembrance of the miracle of the Menorah burning days longer than they had oil for
What is Hanukkah
The first known form of writing
What is cuneiform
The first civilization.
Who are the Sumerians
As civilizations grew & developed the need for more land & resources increased so this happened.
What warfare
The first civilization.
Who were the Sumerians
The Holy Land
What is Israel?
A rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple
What is a ziggurat
The Jewish God
Who is Yahweh?
Made a covenant with God
Who is Abraham
Created the Persian empire
Who is Cyrus the Great
The first to coin money
Who were the Lydians
The two rivers that run the length of Mesopotamia
What is the Euphrates and the Tigris
Main Persian religion
What is ZOROASTRIANISM
The earliest written set of laws.
What is Hammurabi's code
A king who created the first Babylonian dynasty.
Who is Hammurabi
a sacred chest that housed and protected the Ten Commandments
What is the Arc of the covenant?
The forerunners of the iron age
Who were the Hittites
The name for when the Jews are led out of Egypt by Moses
What is the Exodus?
Name the ten commandments
The wise king
King Solomon
He created the first empire
Who is Sargon of Akkad
a succession of people from the same family or a bloodline of hereditary rulers of a country
What is a Dynasty
a war-like people who exploited the use of iron weapons to establish their empire
Who were the Assyrians
3 advantages and 3 disadvantages to life in Mesopotamia
Disadvantages = Unpredictable flooding, No natural barriers, Limited natural resources
Advantages, Forced the Sumerians to solve these problems, They built walls out of clay, Dug ditches for irrigation, Traded their extra food supply
Israel and Judah were captured by the Chaldeans and enslaved by THIS king
Who was Nebuchadnezzar II
Why the first set of written laws (Vocab Word) is important AND historically significant
Made an effort to protect the weak, and “scholars believe he fostered an atmosphere of justice and righteousness for his people.”
The laws covered all aspects of his peoples’ lives such as property, commerce, and family issues ranging from marriage to children’s inheritance. Hammurabi’s Code of laws “established stability and kept the society flourishing.” Helped unite the Babylonian empire.
First known written code of laws in human history, even predating the Mosaic Law (the laws of Moses and the Hebrews) by a couple hundred years.
Many were even astonished by the fact that the idea of lex talionis (an eye-for-an-eye) was originally Hammurabi’s idea. However, the Code of Hammurabi had a long lasting effect on the civilized human society to this day, which makes it extremely historically significant.
The 282 Law codes were put on stone pillars like this all over his empire
The Hammer
Judas Maccabee
In the story of the Maccabees: The number of days they had oil for AND the number of days the menorah stayed lit
What is 1 & 8
Invented glass blowing
Who were the Phoenicians