Mesopotamia I
The land of Ancient Mesopotamia is located between these two rivers
What are Tigris & Euphrates River
The belief in many gods.
BONUS 100: What did the Mesopotamians believe that the Gods controlled?
What is polytheism?
BONUS: They controlled the natural forces and could be destructive
The name for the first writing system, created by Mesopotamians.
What is Cuneiform?
The river that the Egyptians relied on for farming, transportation, and trade.
What is the Nile River
These served as the tombs for many of the early pharaohs?
What are the pyramids?
This object is how historians are able to decipher and understand Hieroglyphics
What farming techniques did Mesopotamians develop to control flooding and water supply?
Developed irrigation systems like dikes, canals, and dams
The group responsible for conquering Babylon and uniting Mesopotamia in 700 BC.
The Assyrians
Why is Mesopotamia often referred to as the “cradle of civilization”?
Their ideas spread beyond Mesopotamia and greatly influenced many civilizations
The process by which the dead were preserved for the afterlife.
What is mummification?
The history of Egypt is broken into the following three time periods.
What are the old, middle, and new kingdoms?
The sea that the Nile River flows into
What is the Mediterranean?
This is the translation of what Mesopotamia means in English
What is "The land between rivers"
What architectural structure was built in Ancient Mesopotamia to honor gods?
The Ziggurats
Someone who is responsible for writing and keeping records.
What is a Scribe?
The name for the writing/symbol system used by the Egyptians.
What are hieroglyphics?
The geographic feature in Egypt that acted as a natural barrier
What is the Sahara Desert?
Put the following social classes of Ancient Egypt in order:
Slaves
Pharaoh
Scribes/Officials
Farmers
Nobles/Priests
Artisans/Merchants
1. Pharaoh
2. Nobles/Priests
3. Scribes/Officials
4. Artisans/Merchants
5. Farmers
6. Slaves
The nickname for the region of rich farmland around Mesopotamia
What is the Fertile Crescent?
A major Mesopotamian achievement that we still use today
What is the wheel
Why did the Mesopotamians need to build walls around their cities?
-They lacked natural barriers
-To protect against invaders or attacks
The first monotheistic religion that emerged in a land called Canaan.
BONUS 100: Give me 2 key beliefs/ideas/people
Judaism
BONUS: The Torah, belief in one all powerful god, Moses, Abraham, Ten Commandments
The power system in which rule is passed down through a family.
What is a dynasty
This is the first female pharaoh.
Who is Hatshepsut?
The first group of people to civilize Mesopotamia
Who are Sumerians
The name for the governmental structure whose geography was made up of cities and its surrounding areas in Mesopotamia.
What are city-states?
A Babylonian collection of 282 laws inscribed in stone. One of the earliest written legal codes.
What is Hammurabi's Code?
List the 5 most important gods/goddesses in Ancient Egypt.
BONUS 200: Describe what each one was responsible for.
Ra- Sun God and creator
Horus- Sky God and keeper of the Pharaoh
Isis- Motherhood and Fertility
Anubis- God of Mummification
Osiris- God of the Afterlife
Explain the major achievement of ONE of these Egyptian Pharaohs:
Khufu
Hatshepsut
Akhenaten
Ramses II
Khufu-Built the Great Pyramids
Hatshepsut– Expanded Egypt's trade network and built magnificent temples
Akhenaten– Promoted the worship of one god
Ramses II– Led Egypt's armies, built huge monuments, and signed of the first peace treaties ever
Who are the Phoenicians and what was their major contribution?
A group of people from the Mediterranean who traded
The alphabet