Geography
What is the large sea (borders Egypt, Israel, Turkey, etc.) where the Phoenicians traded?
Mediterranean Sea
What is the first system of writing, created by the Sumerians that used syllables (instead of pictures)?
Cuneiform
Who was the Babylonian king that took over Mesopotamia?
Hammurabi
What are the soldiers who rode horses called?
What was the earliest form of writing (that used pictures) called?
What are the two rivers in Mesopotamia?
Tigris and Euphrates
What was the main activity in Sumeria?
Farming
What was the earliest written collection of laws called?
The code of Hammurabi
Why was the Phoenician location so advantageous?
It was on the Mediterranean Sea so they could easily trade (which allowed them to become wealthy).
What is it called when society separates tasks so that people can specialize?
Division of labor
What was the large arc of rich farmland in Mesopotamia called?
Fertile Crescent
List three advancements the Sumerians invented:
the wheel, the plow, sailboats, sewers, makeup, bronze tools, base-60 math system, 360 degree circle, 12 month year, 29 or 30 day month, medicines
What two inventions helped the Hittites conquer Babylon?
- iron weapons
- chariots
How did Cyrus rule his empire? What did he do with conquered people?
He let the people he conquered keep their customs so they wouldn't rebel.
What is the worship of many gods called?
polytheism
What modern country is the fertile crescent primarily in?
Iraq
What is a city with the country side around it called?
Who was the most famous Chaldean King (who rebuilt Babylon)?
Nebuchadnezzar
Who was the King of Persia who conquered Babylon?
Cyrus the Great
What is it called when society is broken up by class?
Social hierarchy
What is the mountain range in Iran where the Behistun Inscription was discovered?
Zagros Mountains
Who was the leader of the world's first empire?
Sargon
What was the important contribution of the Assyrians?
The royal library in Nineveh
What were the governors who ruled provinces in Persia called?
Satraps
What was the name of the inscription that cracked the code and allowed historians to translate cuneiform?
the Behistun Inscription