Geography
Mesopotamia means the ____________ between the ____________ in Greek.
land between the rivers
The belief in many gods:
polytheism
Sumerians created a form of writing known as ____________.
cuneiform
First major Mesopotamian civilization. Built the first city-states (Ur, Uruk, and Eridu).
Sumer
These people made up Mesopotamia's lowest class.
Enslaved people/Slaves
Two rivers that run through Mesopotamia:
Tigris and Euphrates
Sumerians believed their gods had power over parts of ____________ such as rain and wind.
nature
Sumerians created this in order to move goods on land more easily and quickly.
Wheel
Second major Mesopotamian civilization; ruled by Hammurabi.
Babylon
These systems brought fresh water from the rivers and into the fields which made farming more productive and helped protect Mesopotamians from flooding.
irrigation systems
Soil that is nutrient rich and very good for farming is often called ________________ soil.
fertile
A large temple that was built in each city state to honor that city-state's god:
Ziggurat
This invention made farming much easier.
Plow
Last major Mesopotamian civilization; known for fierce armies and use of iron weapons.
Assyria
This was extremely important for record keeping purposes and tax collection.
Writing
Mountain range that protected Mesopotamia from invasion:
Zagros Mountains or Caucuses Mountains
The only person allowed in the top of a Mesopotamian temple.
Highest Priest
The first written code of laws:
Hammurabi's Code
Which major Mesopotamian civilization developed the world's first libraries?
Assyria
The exchange of goods that Mesopotamians used instead of currency.
Trade
Mesopotamia's nickname because of its nutrient rich soil and moon-like shape.
Fertile Crescent
People prayed and made _________________ to their gods so they would bring them good fortune.
offerings
What is the basic principle of justice in the first ever written code of laws?
An eye for an eye/ A tooth for a tooth
The punishment should match the seriousness of a crime.
Capital of Assyria
Nineveh
Mesopotamians kept important records on this material.
Clay