Paleolithic Era
Referred to as the, "Old Stone Age."
Paleolithic Era
Referred to as the, "New Stone Age."
Neolithic Era
What does the term, "Mesopotamia" mean?
Land between two rivers.
Which two rivers ran through Mesopotamia?
Tigris and Euphrates
The first kind of writing used in Mesopotamia. People made wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
Cuneiform
A person or group of people who move from place to place rather than settling permanently.
Nomad
Extra food or resources.
Surplus
Rich soil left behind after rivers flood.
Silt
First known written set of laws created in Babylon.
Hammurabi's Code
A system of moving water to fields by using ditches or canals to help crops grow.
Irrigation
The movement of people from one area to another, often in search of food or better living conditions.
Migration
The taming of animals for human use, although this concept starts appearing later, in the Neolithic Era, it can be mentioned as a contrast.
Domestication
Groups of people in society who are ranked by jobs, money, or power. For example, kings were at the top, and farmers were lower down.
Social Class
A large, pyramid-shaped temple built in Mesopotamia. People believed the gods lived at the top, and priests went there to perform rituals.
Ziggurat
Created the Akkadian Empire.
Sargon
What were relationships like between people in the Paleolithic Era.
Everyone had a role that they played to help their tribe.
Staying in one place, instead of moving around.
Sedentary
Small areas made up of a city and the land around it. Each area had its own government, leaders, and laws.
City-State
A boomerang- or moon-shaped region in the Middle East with rich, good soil where the world's first human civilizations began
Fertile Crescent
A ruler of Babylon known for major building projects.
Nebuchadnezzar II
Why were people nomadic in the Paleolithic Era?
They followed herds of animals or the seasons.
When people focus on a specific job or skill. In the Neolithic Era, some people became artisans, toolmakers, or traders as farming created surplus food.
Specialization
Belief in many gods. People in Mesopotamia believed each god controlled different parts of life, like the sun or rain.
Polytheism
Why were artisans important to early civilizations?
They created tools, art, and goods that helped cities grow
What were the Phoenicians known for?
The Phoenicians were known for being expert sailors, improving trade, and their alphabet.