The early civilizations started between what two rivers?
Tigris and Euphrates
100
A belief in many gods
polytheism
100
Sumerians created a way of writing called _____________.
cuneiform
100
What ruler created a code of laws that dealt with almost every area of life?
Hammurabi
100
Which of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World was located in Babylon?
The Hanging Gardens
200
Mesopotamia was located on the eastern part of the ______________________. This includes parts of the modern countries of Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan.
Fertile Crescent
200
A large temple to honor the god of a city-state
Ziggurat
200
Official record keepers in Sumer were called
scribes
200
The Assyrian Empire built a large and powerful ___________ to defend their hills and fertile valleys.
military
200
What is another name for the Chaldean Empire?
The New Babylonian Empire
300
Why were floods sometimes helpful to farmers?
They provided silt.
300
In Sumer, merchants, farmers, and artisans were in the _______________ class.
middle
300
A long poem that tells the story of a hero is a(n) ____________
epic
300
Define tribute.
Forced payments from conquered people
300
How were the Hanging Gardens watered?
A complex irrigation system brought water from the Euphrates River to water the gardens.
400
Over time, people in Mesopotamia learned to build _________ to control seasonal floods.
dams
400
___________ made up the lowest social class in Sumer.
Slaves
400
Sumerians created a 12 month calendar based on what?
The cycles of the moon
400
What are provinces?
Political districts
400
Who was the king of Babylon during its "greatness"?
King Nebuchadnezzar
500
Irrigation allowed early farmers grow ___________, or extra amounts, of food
surpluses
500
What group of people in Sumer had few civil rights?
women
500
One contribution of the Sumerians is still used today. We use it on most of our vehicles. What is it?
wheel
500
Why did the Assyrians rely on trade?
They brought in wood and metal from far away to supply their empire with material for building and for making tools and weapons.
500
What caused the fall of the Chaldean Empire?
weak leadership after the death of King Nebuchadnezzar