Wet Fluffy Things
What are the 3 adiabatic lapse rates?
DALR - 3/1000
SALR - 1.5/1000
EALR - 1.98/1000
The word advection and convection mean?
Advection - Horizontal movement of air
Convection - vertical motion of air
What is required for icing to form?
Moisture and low temperatures
Winds flowing from west to east from the coast will create what type of fog?
Upslope fog
How do winds change with increase and decrease of altitude?
Increase - Veer and increase
Decrease - Back and decrease
the amount of water the air can hold is based directly on?
Temperature
In what type of frontal system and at what speed is the most noticeable wind shear expected?
Cold fronts moving at speeds of 30 knots or more
What effect does icing have on lift and drag of the aircraft?
Lift decrease up to 30%
Drag increase up to 40 %
What is the name of winds flow upward and downward slops and when does this occur?
Anabatic - Up slope during day
Katabatic - Down slope during night
What is the primary indication for detecting wind shear?
ASI
Size and number of the water droplets
What is the name for the formation and dissipation of a front?
Formation - Frontogenesis
Dissipation - Frontolysis
Rime - Layer cloud, Instant freezing primarily on leading edge
Clear - Convective cloud, slow freezing moving backwards across wing
What type of fog forms over the inland of the east coast with winds flowing from the south west?
Advection fog
What best describes increased performance winds shear and what is the remedy required?
Increase headwind, Decrease tailwind - Decrease power then increase to maintain slope
What conditions are expected with convective cloud and CBs in particular?
Significant icing and turbulence, LLWS
What are the names of properties of each individual air masses found in Canada? North to south
cA - Cold and Dry
mA - Cold and moist
mP - Cool and moist
mT - Warm and moist
Layer - 0 to -15
Convective - 0 to -40
Describe the conditions required for the formation of radiation fog
Light winds, clear night sky, high humidity
When looking at the GFA where is lightning most expected? How far should thunderstorms be avoided by?
Within 5000 feet of freezing layer
20NM
Precipitation intensity is dependent on?
Strength of updraft
Vertical thickness of the cloud
Liquid content of the air
What is the definition of air masses?
fairly uniform temperature and moisture characteristics in the horizontal plane.
Rime - -10 to -20, Small droplets
Clear - 0 to -10, Large dropletsWhat are the requirements for thunderstorms to form and what are the 3 stages?
What does each stage consist of and how long do they last?
Moisture content, steep lapse rate, Lifting agent
Developing, Mature, Dissipating
Developing - Updrafts, Mature rain starts - 20 - 30 mins, Dissipating - Downdrafts