Molecules
What molecules are the building block of proteins?
amino acids
Define cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into the body’s cells
Which body system allows oxygen to enter the body?
respiratory system
A patient is very tired. She gets enough sleep and eats foods with plenty of protein and starches. However, her cells are not getting enough glucose to perform cellular respiration. What is this patient's medical condition be?
diabetes
Elisa has diabetes. What effect did this have on her?
Glucose got locked out of her cells, making her very tired because her body cannot do cellular respiration to generate energy.
What molecule does starch get broken down into?
glucose
What kind of food should a person eat before they have a big game or race?
Ex. food that contains _______
starch or glucose
Which body system transports molecules throughout the body to get to the body's cells?
circulatory system
This patient feels tired because he does not get enough oxygen into his blood. Sometimes the alveoli in his lungs get smaller, blocking off a healthy amount of oxygen. What medical condition does he have?
asthma
Jane was blood doping! What is the effect of blood doping?
Blood doping causes a greater amount of red blood cells in the body- with old red blood cells- which moves around more oxygen to the body's cells. With more oxygen, the rate of cellular respiration is higher, creating a release of more energy. This creates a dramatic increase in performance.
ALSO: Side effects like blood clot, stroke, etc.
Which molecules are the inputs of cellular respiration?
oxygen and glucose
Which molecule is needed for cell growth and repair?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are many things in our body that are proteins, such as muscles and other structures, enzymes that help with biochemical reactions, cell signals, transporters, storage, antibodies, and more.
Which body system breaks down proteins and starches into amino acids and glucose?
digestive system
Sam is a professional cyclist. He came in first place in his most recent race! When blood test results came in, Sam's blood had 20% more old blood cells compared to the 100 other athletes in the race. Why did his performance increase so dramatically?
blood doping
Albert was high altitude training! What is the effect of high altitude training?
High altitude training means someone is training in high altitude where the air is thinner with less oxygen than at sea level. This causes the body to create a greater amount of new red blood cells in the body, moving around more oxygen to the body's cells. With more oxygen, the rate of cellular respiration is higher, creating a release of more energy. This creates a dramatic increase in performance.
ALSO: Side effects like blood clot, stroke, etc.
What are the molecular outputs of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What is released during cellular respiration that is needed for cell growth and repair?
energy
Which body systems work together to get glucose to the body's cells for cellular respiration?
digestive system and circulatory system
Jenny is a professional runner. She came in first place in her most recent race! She spent two weeks training in the mountains 10 days before the race, ate the same pre-race meal as usual, and she had an average amount of old red blood cells compared to the other racers. Why did her performance increase so dramatically?
high altitude training caused her body to produce more new red blood cells
Carrie decided to try changing her pre-race meal to include more glucose. What would be the effect of eating a meal with more glucose?
More glucose means a higher rate of cellular respiration and more energy! She would do better in her race than usual if she didn't usually eat something with glucose before her race.
Glucose and oxygen molecules are broken apart and rearranged to form carbon dioxide and water. We breathe out carbon dioxide and sweat or pee out water. We can also exhale water vapor- as you can see in cold weather.
What kind of food should a person eat after they have a big game or race?
Ex. Food that contains _________
Protein or amino acids
If someone has diabetes, their body might not produce enough of what molecule to cause glucose to be "locked out" of their cells, causing them to get less energy from cellular respiration?
insulin
Darren is a swimmer. He swam significantly faster in his race this month compared to last month. Last month he ate turkey before the race. This month he ate pasta before the race. Based on this evidence, why did he perform better this month?
changing his diet to include more starch/glucose before the event
What is the effect of healthy, normal metabolism on the body?
Healthy metabolism releases chemical energy that is transfered to ATP molecules in our cells. ATP molecules are used for growth and may other functions within the body!