Basic Nutrition
T/F Macronutrients are carbs,lipids,protein
True
Where does the majority of protein digestion occur?
Small intestine
What vitamin is fat-soluble and plays a role in calcium absorption?
Vitamin D
Which type of mineral is classified as essential in small quantities for normal body functions?
Trace Minerals
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with which enzyme?
Salivary amylase
What are all the fat-soluble vitamins
A,D,E,K
Which enzyme initiates protein digestion in the stomach?
Pepsin
Which vitamin is stored in the liver and requires intrinsic factor for proper absorption in the small intestine?
Vitamin B12
Excessive sodium intake is most directly linked to what health condition?
Hypertension
Enzyme that digests lipids into free fatty acids and monoglycerides?
Pancreatic lipase
Complex carb that cannot be digested, but provides bulk fiber
Cellulose
What is a nitrogenous waste product formed during amino acid catabolism?
Urea
A deficiency in which vitamin can lead to night blindness and, in severe cases, complete vision loss?
Vitamin A
Which mineral works closely with sodium to maintain fluid balance and is the primary intracellular cation?
Potassium
Breaking up of fat globules into smaller pieces is known as?
Emulsification
Minerals are responsible for what % of body weight?
4%
Which hormone increases protein synthesis and muscle growth, particularly after exercise?
Growth hormone.
What type of vitamins dissolve in water and are not stored in large quantities in the body?
water-soluble vitamins
What mineral is most abundant in the body and essential for building strong bones and teeth?
calcium
Clusters of bile salts and digested lipids in the small intestines are called?
Micelles
This trace element is primarily in blood; stored in liver, spleen, and bone marrow.
Fe
What is the number of grams of protein the FDA recommends per day based on a 2000-calorie diet?
50 grams
What vitamin plays a major role in collagen synthesis and immune function?
vitamin C
What mineral works with calcium to maintain bone structure and is also involved in ATP production?
Phosphorus
Structure into which lipids are absorbed?
Lacteal