Cellular Fuel
This simple sugar is made by the digestive system and is a main source of energy for cells.
Glucose
This system brings oxygen into the body.
Respiratory systems (lungs)
Name one molecule produced by digestion that can fit into cells and provide energy.
Glucose
What is the name of the chemical reaction inside cells that rearranges atoms of glucose and oxygen and releases energy?
Cellular Respiration
If a problem reduces the amount of oxygen reaching cells, will cellular respiration increase, decrease, or stop? (Choose one and explain briefly.)
Decrease (if severe, cellular respiration can stop); less oxygen means less energy released.
These building-block molecules come from proteins in food and are used to grow and repair cells.
Amino Acids
This system breaks down food into smaller molecules like glucose and amino acids.
Digestive system
True or False: Oxygen must be digested before it can enter cells. Explain your answer in one sentence.
False — Oxygen is already small enough and does not need digestion; it is inhaled and diffuses into cells.
Cellular respiration rearranges atoms to make different molecules and releases energy. True or False?
True
Name one possible result for a cell if it does not get enough glucose.
The cell may not have enough energy to work, grow, or repair itself.
The small molecule that comes from the air and is required by cells to perform cellular respiration.
Oxygen
This system carries glucose, oxygen, and amino acids to all body cells.
Circulatory System
Put these steps in order from first to last for getting energy to a cell: (A) Oxygen enters lungs, (B) Glucose absorbed from small intestine, (C) Blood carries molecules to cells, (D) Cellular respiration releases energy.
Correct order: A, B, C, D
Cells use energy from cellular respiration to perform work. Give one example of work a cell can do using that energy.
Example: making new proteins, repair, growth, and flexing muscles.
Give one example of a body system problem (realistic and age-appropriate) that could reduce the delivery of oxygen or glucose to cells.
Example: Blocked airway (respiratory) reduces oxygen intake; or anemia (circulatory) reduces oxygen carrying capacity.
Cells must have both of these two kinds of molecules to release energy during cellular respiration. (Name both.)
Glucose and Oxygen
Give one example of how two body systems work together to deliver oxygen and glucose to cells. (Short answer)
Ex) The respiratory system brings in oxygen to the lungs, and the circulatory system carries that oxygen to cells.
Why does the digestive system break food into smaller molecules? (One sentence)
To make the molecules small enough so they can enter cells and be used for energy and building materials.
Explain how amino acids are used by cells for growth and repair and why energy is needed for this process. (Two sentences)
Amino acids are joined into proteins to build or repair parts of the cell; this assembly requires energy from cellular respiration.
Two soccer teams, the Bears and the Panthers, played games at the same time in two different locations.
Bears: Played at sea-level, lunch was mostly starch.
Panthers: Played at very high altitude, lunch was protein and starch
Which team probably had more energy?
The bears, you only need starch and oxygen for energy release to occur.
Explain why starch and proteins cannot enter the cell.
Starch and proteins are what we call complex molecules and are too large to move through the cell membrane.
Describe in one or two sentences what it means for systems to work together to form a larger, more complex system. Use the respiratory, digestive, or circulatory system in your example. (Remember our full classroom model)
Example answer: Systems work together when parts from different systems perform jobs that join to achieve a bigger function — e.g., lungs (respiratory) bring oxygen, digestive system provides glucose, and the circulatory system delivers both to cells.
Some types of syrup are almost entirely made of glucose molecules. If a person ate some syrup like this, what would happen to her ability to exercise?
It would not effect their ability to exercise, but it would be easier for them to digest since it is already broken down into glucose.
What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 ---> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Diabetes: Glucose
Anemia: Oxygen
Asthma: Oxygen
Pancreatic Injury: Digestive enzymes