Valence Electrons
What kind of atoms form ionic bonds?
cations (metals) and anions (nonmetals)
What is an ion?
an atom that has lost or gained one or more e- and is no longer neutral
What is an alloy?
a mixture of two or more metals in a compound
What is an alloy?
a network of two or more different types of metal atoms
What is a bond?
an attractive force holding two or more atoms together
What is a cation?
an ion with a positive charge due to losing one or more electrons
What is the sea of electrons in metallic bonds?
Delocalized electrons moving through metallic compounds like water.
What is ductility?
the ability to be drawn into wires without breaking
What is an anion?
an ion with a negative charge due to gaining one or more electrons
What class of elements form ionic bonds?
Metals and nonmetals
What is malleability?
the ability to be rolled or pounded or hammered without shattering
Why do we use alloys?
strengthen metal, resist corrosion, make decorative objects, etc.
Each atom of sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons. Which elements also have 6 valence electrons?
oxygen (O), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), Polonium (Po), Livermorium (Lv) (predicted)
What is another name for the Electron Dot Notation?
Lewis Dot Structure
Group numbers typically tell the number of valence e- an element has for what element family?
main group/representative elements
Why do Sodium atoms readily form bonds with other atoms?
Sodium atoms need to give up only one electron to become stable.
Describe the structure of a metallic bond.
orderly arrangement of metal atoms surrounded by delocalized valence e- (sea of e-)
What type of arrangement is most stable for atoms?
when the octet rule is satisfied (8 valence electrons)
What is an oxidation number?
a number assigned to an element in chemical combination which represents the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom of that element in the compound