Layers of the Atmosphere
What happens to pressure and density as altitude increases?
Pressure and Density both decrease.
How does radiation transfer heat?
It transfer heat through electromagnetic waves traveling through empty space.
What is wind?
The movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure?
What heats up and cools down quicker the land or the water?
What causes a cold front and what weather occurs from?
Forms when a fast-moving cold air mass runs into a slow-moving warm air mass. It causes thunderstorms, rain, or snow.
Which layer is the densest layer?
Troposphere
How does conduction transfer heat?
It transfer heat through direct contact.
What are local winds?
Winds that blow over a short distance. That are caused by unequal heating in a small area that often occurs on land.
What is a Sea Breeze?
Wind that blows from the ocean or lake onto land.
What causes a warm front and what weather occurs from?
A fast-moving warm air mass collides with a slow-moving cold air mass. It causes light precipitation and clouds.
What is the Ozone and what layer is found in?
The Ozone absorbs UV light and protects us from UV rays. It is found in the Stratosphere.
How does convection transfer heat?
Convection transfers heat through the movement of fluids/molecules.
What is are global winds?
Wind that blows over long distances. That form from unequal heating.
What is a Land Breeze?
Wind that blows from land onto a body of water.
What causes a stationary front and what weather occurs from?
A warm and cold air mass meet but neither can move the other. It causes rain, snow, fog, or clouds.
What is the coldest layer and what is the hottest layer?
The coldest layer is the Mesosphere. The hottest layer is the Thremosphere.
How do convection currents work?
Warm less dense air rises while the cool more dense air sinks.
What two things occur in local winds?
Land and Sea Breeze
What time of day do land breezes and sea breezes occur?
A Land Breeze occurs at night while a Sea Breeze occurs during the day.
What is a tornado and how does it form?
A destructive, rotating column of air that has very high wind speeds, is visible as a funnel-shaped cloud, and touches the ground. It forms when cold air and warm air combine. The cold air drops as the warm air rises. The warm air eventually twists into a spiral and forms the funnel cloud
The Ionosphere that has the Northern Lights. The Exosphere that has satellites.
What type of heat transfer(s) is seen in the Troposphere?
All three- Conduction, Radiation, and Convection.
What is the Coriolis Effect and how does it affect the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
The Coriolis Effect is the way that Earth's rotation generates wind curvature. In The Northern Hemisphere winds turn to the right while in the Southern Hemisphere winds turn to the left.
Describe how air flows for both a Land and Sea Breeze?
For a Sea Breeze cool air blows from sea to land where warm air rises over land and then moves towards the ocean that then falls as cool air.
For a Land Breeze cool air blows from land to sea where warm air rises over water and then moves towards the land as warm air and falls as cool air.
What is a hurricane and how does it form?
A tropical storm that has winds of 119 kilometers per hour or higher. A hurricane begins over warm water as a low-pressure area or tropical disturbance. If the tropical disturbance grows in size and strength, it becomes a tropical storm, which may then become a hurricane.