Biogenesis
This is the idea that living things come only from other living things
Biogenesis
This is the term for devising or choosing of names for things, especially in a science.
Nomenclature
This is the relatively new treatment which has revolutionized treating genetic conditions
Gene Therapy
Germ theory of disease states that THIS is the cause of illness, not bad smells or bad vibes (sorry plague doctors!)
Microorganisms
This two word phrase describes the beneficial, microbes living in and around us
Normal Microbiota
This scientist showed maggots came from flies, and wasn't generated from rotting meat itself
Francesco Redi
This man is responsible for devising microbial nomenclature in 1735
Carolus Linnaeus
These are the two ways in which gene therapy can treat a condition (must get both!)
-Insert a missing gene
-Replace a defective gene
This is where Robert Koch discovered Bacillus anthracis in 1876
In the blood of cows that had been infected with anthrax and died
These are the microbiota living in the digestive tract, beneficial to their host
Symbiotic gut microbiota
These are tiny living things, invisible to the naked eye
Microorganisms
These are the rules of microbial nomenclature (must get all three to get credit!)
■ Genus is capitalized, species is not.
■ Always italicized
■ Once the whole name is given once, can be shortened
Can gene therapy ONLY treat congenital genetic conditions (IE conditions that someone has from birth?)
NO- can also be used to treat cancer
In what way did Koch test to find out that B. anthracis causes Anthrax?
-isolated B. anthracis
-injected healthy cows with B. anthracis
-when they died, isolated b. anthracis again
If normal microbiota leave their environment, they can become this kind of microbiota, meaning "causing illness"
Pathogenic microbiota
This is an old, disproven belief that life could come from nonliving things
Spontaneous Generation
This is the traditional language of microbial nomenclature....in nomine bacteria, et archaea, et protozoa fungi.....
Latin
In the case of Sickle Cell Anemia, there is a third way in which gene therapy can treat it. What is it?
Turns OFF defective hemoglobin gene and turns ON fetal hemoglobin gene
In the 1860s, who was the English physician that was able to greatly reduce infection.... and maybe went on to found a mouthwash company?
Joseph Lister
Much like grass, harmful microbes can become this word without symbiotic gut microbiota
Overgrown
This scientist developed the process of making foods safer by reducing pathogenic microorganisms, and helped to disprove spontaneous generation
Louis Pasteur
These are the names and orders of bacterial nomenclature
Genus, followed by species
In the treatment of Sickle Cell Disease, these types of cells are collected from patients to be corrected with gene therapy, and then returned to the patient
Stem Cells
What two acids did Lister use to prevent infections on surgical wounds?
Phenol and carbolic acid
Gut microbiota produces these two essential vitamins
Vitamins K and B