Disease and Infections
If the Infectious dose for organism A is 10,000 cells, for B is 100 cells and for C is 10 cells, which organism is more virulent?
C
Name one function of Macrophages?
Phagocytosis: Ingest and destroy pathogens
What do Plasma B cells produce?
Antibodies (Immunoglobulins)
Type of disease where our own Immune System targets our healthy tissues?
Autoimmune
A bacterium, virus, or other types of microorganisms that can cause disease.
Pathogen
These scientists study the prevalence of a disease in a population.
Epidemiologists
These chemical defense proteins when activated trigger inflammation and opsonization of pathogens.
Complement proteins
Antigen presenting cells, such as Dendritic cells, display antigens of digested pathogens on these surface proteins.
MHC II
When Mast cells are activated by an allergen, they release these molecules during degranulation.
Histamine, Serotonin
When bacteria Yersinia pestis infects a healthy patient, it will more than likely cause symptoms. This is an example of what kind of pathogen?
Primary or True pathogen
An Urinary tract infection caused by a catheter implanted during at a visit to a doctor is what type of infection?
Iatrogenic
What are the targets of Natural Killer Cells?
Viral infected or Cancer cells.
Immune cells in the Adaptive Immunity responsible for destroying human cells infected with viruses, bacteria, parasites and cancer cells
Cytotoxic T Cells
Blood type that can receive blood from O- and B- only?
B-
The stage of an infectious disease when pathogens are at highest levels and the signs and symptoms are most severe.
Period of Illness
Type of infection where the pathogen remains dormant in the body and is reactivated years later. Herpes is an example.
Latent
How do Natural Killer Cells recognize our healthy cells?
All our Healthy Cells have MHC I proteins on their surface which work as self recognition.
Cytotoxic T cells release this chemical to lyse infected cells.
Perforin
Antibody produced during a Type I Hypersensitivity reaction?
IgE
Organisms, such as arthropods, that carry diseases to humans.
Vectors
The parasite Plasmodium reproduces in the guts of the Anopheles mosquito. When the mosquito injects the pathogen into humans, it causes Malaria. This is an example of what type of disease transmission?
Biological vector transmission
The receptor on Natural Killer (NK) cells that binds to the IgG antibodies to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
Fc receptor
These types of cells release cytokines to attract and activate macrophages, Cytotoxic T cells and Plasma B cells.
Helper T cells
In patients that suffer with Myasthenia Gravis, their own antibodies block __________ receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to clinical symptoms characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness.
Acetylcholine
An example of a bacterial PAMP. [Be specific]
LPS, peptidoglycan, flagella