General Characteristics
What type of virus is Rotavirus?
Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Reoviridae family
What is the most common diagnostic method for detecting Rotavirus?
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for viral antigen detection in stool samples.
What is the primary target of Rotavirus in the human body?
Intestinal epithelial cells, primarily in the small intestine.
Is breastfeeding protective against Rotavirus?
Yes, it offers partial protection through maternal antibodies
Can zinc supplements aid in recovery?
Yes, zinc supplements can reduce diarrhea duration and severity.
What is the primary route of transmission for Rotavirus?
The fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food, water, or surfaces
Which molecular method is used for accurate diagnosis?
Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR).
How does Rotavirus cause diarrhea?
By destroying villi, leading to malabsorption and osmotic diarrhea.
Are infected individuals contagious?
Yes, especially during the acute phase of diarrhea
Are probiotics effective in managing Rotavirus diarrhea?
They may help reduce the duration of diarrhea.
What population is most at risk for severe Rotavirus infection
Infants and young children under 5 years old.
Can electron microscopy be used to detect Rotavirus?
Yes, it can visualize virus particles, but it’s not routinely used
What viral protein is responsible for attachment to host cells?
VP4 protein.
Can hand sanitizers eliminate Rotavirus?
No, Rotavirus is resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers; handwashing with soap is better
When is hospitalization required?
In cases of severe dehydration or electrolyte imbalance.
What are the common symptoms of Rotavirus infection?
Severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain
What type of sample is preferred for Rotavirus testing?
Stool samples.
What is the incubation period for Rotavirus?
Approximately 1–3 days.
How can Rotavirus infection be prevented?
Vaccination, proper hygiene, and sanitation practices.
What is the primary goal of treatment?
Prevent dehydration through oral rehydration solutions (ORS).
Is there a vaccine available for Rotavirus?
Yes, vaccines like RotaTeq and Rotarix are available
Are rapid diagnostic tests available for Rotavirus?
Yes, rapid antigen detection kits are widely used.
What non-structural protein contributes to diarrhea?
NSP4, which acts as an enterotoxin.
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Is there a specific antiviral drug for Rotavirus?
No, treatment is mainly supportive.