Hepatits A
What is the primary route of transmission for Hepatitis A in areas with poor sanitation?
Fecal-oral transmission, often through contaminated food or water.
Which diagnostic tool is used to detect Hepatitis E virus in blood?
RT-PCR to detect viral RNA
What age group is most at risk for severe Rotavirus infections?
Infants and young children under 5 years old.
What is the typical duration of symptoms in a Norovirus infection?
1 to 3 days.
What is the primary mode of transmission for Astrovirus infections?
Fecal-oral route, through contaminated food or water.
What test would confirm past Hepatitis A infection in a person?
IgG anti-HAV antibodies.
What is the most common complication of Hepatitis E in pregnant women?
Fulminant hepatic failure, which can be fatal.
Which test is commonly used to detect Rotavirus antigen in stool?
ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay).
Which age group is most likely to experience a Norovirus outbreak?
All age groups, especially in close-quarter settings like schools and cruise ships.
Which diagnostic method is used to detect Astrovirus in stool samples?
RT-PCR or immunoassays.
Which of the following is a common symptom of Hepatitis A?
A) Jaundice
B) Diarrhea
C) Nausea
A) Jaundice.
What is the primary method of transmission for Hepatitis E?
Fecal-oral transmission, especially through contaminated water
What is the main treatment for Rotavirus infection?
Rehydration therapy, either oral or intravenous.
What is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide?
Norovirus
What is a common symptom of an Astrovirus infection?
Diarrhea
What is the key feature of Hepatitis A recovery?
Complete recovery without chronic infection.
What is a key difference between Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E in terms of epidemiology?
Hepatitis E is more common in developing countries, especially during outbreaks.
How long does a typical Rotavirus infection last?
3 to 8 days, with symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea.
What is the primary preventive measure against Norovirus outbreaks?
Handwashing and proper disinfection of contaminated surfaces.
What is the typical duration of symptoms in an Astrovirus infection?
1 to 3 days
What type of vaccine is available for Hepatitis A prevention?
Inactivated Hepatitis A vaccine.
Can Hepatitis E infection cause chronic disease in immunocompromised individuals?
Yes
Which vaccine can help prevent Rotavirus infection in children?
RotaTeq and Rotarix vaccines.
Which test can confirm a Norovirus infection in a patient?
RT-PCR to detect Norovirus RNA in stool samples
Which group is at higher risk of severe Astrovirus infections?
Immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV or cancer.