Scientists
Who is the father of microbiology?
Hint: First to OBSERVE a cell
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
What is microbiology?
The study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Who created "the three domains"?
Woese
How should you right out a bacteria in the correct scientific name?
First letter capitalized, italicized or underlined
Inclusions`
Storage
- Metachromatic granuals = phosphate
- Lipid and sulfur granules= energy storage
Came up with aseptic surgery using phenol
Joseph Lister
What are the steps of the scientific method, in order?
1. Observe
2. Hypothesis
3. Predictions
4. Experiment
5. Consistency
6. Theory
7. Law
What are the three domains?
Eukarya: animals, plants, fungi
Bacteria: prokaryotes
Archea: methanogens, extreme halophiles, hyperthermophile
What are the characteristics of microbial groups?
1. Basic Shape
2. Basic Arrangements
3. Motility
4. Staining
5. Oxygen requirements
Pilus (pili)
Conjugation
-transfer of F factor
Discovered first antibiotic
Hint: penicillin
Alexander Fleming
What are 5 fields of microbiology?
Mycology
Bacteriology
Virology
Algiology
Protozoology
Prokaryotes have no nuclear membrane but eukaryotes do
What are the 3 types of staining?
Simple stains: methylane blue
Special Stains: capsule stain
Differential Stain: gram stain
Flagella
Chemotaxis, motility
Counterclockwise=run
Clockwise=tumble
Brownian Motion=shaking in place
First Vaccination
Came from the cowpox virus
Edward Jenner
What do microorganisms allow humans to do?
1. Prevent diseases
2. understand the nature
3. understand interactions between microorganisms
What are two types of fungi?
Molds and Yeast
Bacillus (rod)
Coccus (circular)
Spiral (spirillum, vibrio, spirochete)
Plasmids
Transfer AMR (anti microbial resistance)
Proved that bacterium causes authrax and provided the experimental steps
Hint: 3 step postulate
Robert Koch
What is the difference between spontaneous generation and biogenesis?
Spontaneous Generation: the hypothesis that life arises from nonliving matter
Biogenesis: living cells arise from preexisting living cells
What conditions do bacteria cells favor?
(pH, temp, salt)
pH 7
37 degree C
0.9% NaCl
What are the basic arrangements?
Staphylo (clusters)
Strepto (chains)
Sprillium (3 indentions)
Spirochete (4 depressions)
Ribosomes
protein synthesis