GRAM STAIN
GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA WILL APPEAR...
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA WILL APPEAR...
WHAT IS PURPLE AND PINK/RED?
ACID-FAST STAIN IS USED FOR THIS REASON
WHAT IS HARD TO STAIN ROD BACTERIA?
OXYGEN MUST BE PRESENT FOR GROWTH
LIVES ON SKIN; SPREADS BY DIRECT CONTACT OR CONTAMINATED SURFACES
WHAT IS METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA)?
SMALLER THAN BACTERIA; ENTER AND DESTROY A HOST CELL TO REPRODUCE; NO INDEPENDENT MOVEMENT
WHAT ARE VIRUSES?
CLASSIFICATIONS AND SHAPES OF
- STAPHYLOCOCCUS, STREPTOCOCCUS, ENTEROCOCCUS
- MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS, M. LEPRAE, CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI, BACILLUS ANTHRACIS
WHAT IS
- GRAM POSITIVE, COCCI
- GRAM POSITIVE, BACILLUS
DECOLORIZER IN THIS STAINING PROCESS
WHAT IS ACID ALCOHOL?
OXYGEN IS ELIMINATED FOR GROWTH
WHA IS ANAEROBIC?
LIVES IN THE BOWEL; TRANSMITTED VIA HANDS/CONTAMINATED SURFACES
WHAT IS VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI (VRE)?
PLANT-LIKE ORGANISMS (MOLDS, MUSHROOMS, YEASTS). CAN BE BENEFICIAL OR HARMFUL
WHAT ARE FUNGI?
BENEFICIAL: PENICILLIUM > PENICILLIN, FERMENTATION FOR BREAD/BEER/WINE
HARMFUL: ATHLETE'S FOOT, RINGWORMS, THRUSH, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS FROM INHALES SPORES
CLASSIFICATION AND SHAPES OF
- NISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, N. GONORRHOEAE
- E. COLI, PROTEUS, PSEUDOMONAS, SALMONELLA TYPHI, ACINETOBACTER
WHAT IS
- GRAM NEGATIVE, COCCI
- GRAM NEGATIVE, BACILLUS
ACID-FAST ORGANISMS TURN THIS COLOR
NON-ACID FAST ORGANISMS TURN THIS COLOR
WHAT IS RED/PINK, BLUE
OPTIMAL TEMP 59 - 68 F (15-20 C)
WHAT IS COLD ENVIRONMENT?
VERY HARD TO TREAT; CAN CONTRIBUTE TO DEATH IN UP TO 50% OF INFECTED PATIENTS
WHAT IS CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (CRE)?
ONE-CELLED ANUMAL ORGANISMS, NO CELL WALLS, LIVE IN MOIST HABITATS; MOSTLY AEROBIC
WHAT ARE PROTOZOA?
GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA WILL RETIAN THIS COLOR
GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA WILL PICK UP THIS COLOR
BONUS IF YOU CAN ANSWER WHY!!!!
WHAT IS PURPLE, PINK/RED?
- GRAM POSITIVE HAVE A THICK PEPTIDOGLYCAN CELL WALL AND NO OUTER MEMBRANE
- GRAM NEGATIVE HAVE A THIN PEPTIDOGLYCAN LAYER AND AN OUTER MEMBRANE
ACID FAST STAIN IS USED TO IDENTIFY THESE BACTERIAS
WHAT IS M. TUBERCULOSIS (TB) AND M. LEPRAE (LEPROSY)?
OPTIMAL TEMP 68 - 113 F (20 - 45 C)
WHAT IS MODERATE ENVIRONMENT?
HIGHLY RESISTANT TO DISINFECTION AND HEAT, VERY DIFFICULT TO KILL
WHAT ARE ENDOSPORES?
ABNORMAL, INFECTIOUS PROTEINS WITH NO NUCLEIC ACID - THEY MISFOLD NORMAL PROTEINS AND ARE NOT DESTROYED BY HEAT OR COLD. FOUND CONCENTRATED IN NERVOUS SYSTEM TISSUE (BRAIN, DURA MATER, SPINAL CORD, AND EYES)
WHAT ARE PRIONS?
DESCRIBE GRAM STAINING PROCESS STEP BY STEP
WHAT IS CRYSTAL VIOLET > IODINE > ALCOHOL/ACETONE > SAFRANIN?
(PRIMARY STAIN > FIXES THE STAIN> DECOLORIZER > COUNTER STAIN)
DESCRIBE ACID FAST PROCESS STEP BY STEP
WHAT IS CARBOL FUCHSIN > ACID ALCOHOL > METHYLENE BLUE?
(PRIMARY STAIN > DECOLORIZER > COUNTER STAIN)
HUMAN PATHOGEN PREFERRING MODERATE TEMERPATURE CLOSE TO BODY TEMPERATURE (98.6F / 37C)
WHAT ARE MESOPHILES?
THE TYPICAL METHOD OF BACTERIAL REPRODUCTION
WHAT IS BINARY FISSION?
ARE YALL NERVOUS FOR THE TEST...??
WHAT IS YES... LOL