Cell Biology
What molecule is a cell primarily composed of?
H2O
What is microbiology?
The study of microorganisms and the effect of living things
Who discovered the first antibiotic?
Alexander Flemming
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
Can gut microbes affect mental health?
Yes, an imbalance in gut microbes may be linked to anxiety or depression.
What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Under a microscope
Who coined the term 'cell'?
Robert Hooke
What are two types of prokaryotes?
Archaea and Eubacteria
How do antibiotics affect gut microbes?
They can kill both harmful and beneficial bacteria, disrupting the balance of gut microbes.
What do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells do not have?
nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What kind of conditions support Archaea?
Very harsh conditions: human digestive system, deep oceanic volcanic vents, and salt lakes
Who created the Koch postulates?
Robert Koch
Which part of the human body has the most microbes?
gut microbiome
How do fermented foods help the gut?
They contain probiotics that support healthy gut bacteria.
What is the most prevalent infection caused by bactiera?
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Who detected minuscule organisms?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
What are the model systems used for?
They are used for investigating new organisms or biological systems.
Name a disease linked to an unhealthy gut microbiome.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
What is a structure found in all types of living cells?
Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, and DNA
Animalcules
Who isolated human embryonic stem cells?
James Thomson
What are the Koch postulates for?
Criteria used to determine if a microorganism is the cause of a disease
What’s the difference between probiotics and prebiotics?
Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria; prebiotics are food for those bacteria.