Vocabulary
Define: Microorganism
organisms that are too small to be see with the unaided eye
This microorganism uses binary fission to replicate
bacteria
His experiments seemed to support Spontaneous Generation
John Needham
archaea
Any various chemical substance produced by microorganisms that are capable of inhibiting growth or destroying microorganisms
Antibiotic
Define: Pathogenic
disease-causing
This microorganism uses organic chemicals for energy and includes molds and mushrooms
fungi
The person who's Postulates proved that a specific microbe causes a specific disease
Robert Koch
True or false: Archaea and Eukarya are believed to have shared a common ancestor.
True
Define antibiotic resistance
The ability of an organism to resist or withstand an antibiotic to which they were once sensitive
Define: Spontaneous Generation
The hypothesis that all living organisms arise from nonliving matter
This microorganism includes methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles
archaea
His experiments involved sealing then boiling infusions, and seemed to refute spontaneous generation
Lazzaro Spallanzani
The molecule used in phylogenetics to estimate evolutionary distance and deeply study genetic relatedness between organisms
small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA
True or False: bacteria that have gained antibiotic resistance may be able to continue replicating in the presence of the antibiotic
True
Define: Germ Theory
States that some microbes are capable of causing disease.
This microorganism replicates only when they are in a host cell
virus
This person showed that microbes are responsible for fermentation
Louis Pasteur
Bacterial cell membranes contain______, not ethers. Here is one example to distinguish them from archaea in their own domain.
esters
the d-alanyl-d-alananine transpeptidase, or penicillin-binding protein
Define: Fermentation
The conversion of sugar to alcohol
This microorganism may be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
protozoa
He was credited with dealing the "final blow" against spontaneous generation, and subsequently found that spores (endospores) from some microbes could withstand high temperatures.
John Tyndall
The pre-cell, before DNA was made as the storage molecule was called:
a protobiont or probiont
Conjugation, a type of horizontal gene transfer