Chapter 1
Do all microbes harm humans?
No! 2000 known microbes cause infectious diseases(less than 1%)
Bacterial arrangements
single
diplo
tetrads
staphylo
strepto
sarcina
Which unicellular organism are considered extremophiles
Archaea
What "alive" properties do viruses lack
-self replication
-metabolism
-homeostasis
What is sporulation
when a vegetative cell becomes metabolically active due to environmental conditions.
Abiogenesis VS biogenesis
Abiogenesis means without life.
Biogenesis means all life comes from other life.
Bacterial Morphology
coccus
bacillus
vibrios
spirillium
What comes in a slime layer or capsule
glycocalyx
What are the 3 capsids of viruses
-icosohedral
-helical
-complex
What are diseases caused by fungal infections
mycoses
Who is a father of microbiology and designed microscopes?
Leeuwenhoek
external structures of bacterial cells used for motility and attachment
appendages -flagella, filaments, fimbriae, pili, and nanotubes
What are the 2 basic cell forms of fungi
yeasts and molds
Central Dogma
DNA-mRNA-protein
Which fungal nutrition eats living things
What are the four types of Macromolecules
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Movement of bacteria in response to chemical signals
Chemotaxis
What are the two protozoa life cycle phases
Trophozoite and cyst
Viruses can only replicate in what
Which scientist disproved spontaneous generation through an experiment using swan neck flasks with wine and beer in them
Louis Pasteur
Denature
What is the repeating long sugar chains cross linked by short peptide fragments called in cell walls
peptidoglycan
Helminth life cycle: pinworm
-Pinworm
-common infestation pf large intestine
-range from 2-12mm long with tapered curved cylindrical shape
-cause enterobiasis (rarely serious)
What are the 3 mechanisms of metabolism
-glycolysis and fermentation
-aerobic respiration
-anaerobic respiration
What are the four structures of proteins
Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary Structure
Quaternary Structure