_____________ is the type of transport that requires energy.
What is
Active transport.
100
_______________ is the process of making large polymers from smaller building blocks.
What is
Anabolism.
100
What are the final electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration?
What is
Oxygen containing molecules like nitrate, sulfate, CO2 not oxygen gas.
100
AUG is the ____________________ that encodes for the amino acid methionine or formyl methionine in bacteria.
What is
Start codon.
100
Which nitrogenous base is only found in DNA not RNA?
What is
Thymine.
Uracil is only found in RNA not DNA
200
During this part of the growth curve, the growth rate of the bacteria is maximized.
What is
Log or exponential phase.
200
How many net total of ATP, NADH and FADH2 are produced during glycolysis?
What is
2 ATP (4 made but 2 used), 2 NADH, 0 FADH2 (This is made in the Kreb cycle/TCA cycle)
200
The _______________ of the enzyme is where the reaction occurs.
What is
Active site.
200
A _____________________ is a point mutation that causes change in a single amino acid to another amino acid.
What is
Missense mutation.
200
________________ are coding sequences that will be spliced together in eukaryotic mRNA to make the sequence encoding for the protein.
What are
Exons
300
_______________ are organisms that use inorganic sources of carbon like CO2 and the energy from chemicals to make their organic carbon sources.
What are
Chemoautotrophs
300
___________________ are the nonprotein parts of conjugative enzymes.
What is
Cofactors
300
Name some examples of electron and proton carriers discussed in lecture.
What is
FADH, NAD+
300
Which enzyme is used in replication to releave the supercoils that form in DNA?
What is
Gyrase/topoisomerase
300
________________ is the method of transferring DNA from one cell to another that requires direct contact using a pilus.
What is
Conjugation.
400
Oxygen is found in cells as _________________.
What is
Inorganic sources: water, CO2 gas
Organic sources: Macromolecules like nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
400
This type of inhibition occurs when an inhibitor binds someplace other than the active site.
What is
Noncompetitive inhibition.
400
What are the three parts of ATP structure?
What is
Three phosphates, ribose sugar, adenine nitrogenous base
400
________________ is the industrial test where mutant bacteria are used to determine if a chemical is a mutagen/carcinogen.
What is
The Ames test.
400
Why are RNA primers used for replication?
What is
DNA polymerase has to have a 3'OH to add nucleotides to.
500
The bacterium Rhizobium interacts with the roots of legume plants where they have to share nutrients. This is an example of this symbiotic relationship.
What is
Mutualism
Coevolving symbionts
500
Where in the bacterial cell does the Kreb cycle/TCA cycle occur?
What is
Cytoplasm
500
One of the reasons that fermentation occurs is to replenish what coenzyme for glycolysis.
What is
NAD+.
500
The ______________ is the region of DNA that RNA polymerase binds to start transcription.
What is
Promoter.
500
One method of controlling gene expression in bacteria is through the use of ________________, short sequences on mRNA that allow folding of RNA to stop translation.