Immune System
Non-Specific Immune Response
Specific Immune Response
Allergy
Grab Bag
100
The body system that provides the host organism with specific immunity to infectious agents.
What is the Immune System?
100
A substance that acts on the hypothalamus to set the body’s thermostat to a higher-than-normal temperature?
What is a pyrogen?
100
The foreign substance that can elicit a specific immune response.
What is an antigen?
100
A severe form of immediate hypersensitivity.
What is Anaphylaxis?
100
Complete lysis of red blood cells by bacterial enzymes.
What is beta hemolysis?
200
A substance that contains and antigen to which the immune system responds.
What is a vaccine?
200
An antibody that promotes phagocytosis when bound to the surface of a microorganism.
What are opsonins?
200
Where do T lymphocytes develop?
What is the thymus?
200
How many specific antibodies are produced by each plasma or B cell?
What is one?
200
Another name for Rod-shaped bacteria.
What is Bacillus?
300
The area on an antigen molecule to which antibodies bind.
What is an Antigenic Determinant?
300
Attracted to microorganisms by chemotaxis.
What are phagocytes?
300
The cells that secrete antibodies.
What are B cells (plasma cells)
300
The amine released by basophils and tissues in an allergic reaction.
What is histamine?
300
Microorganisms that grow best in large amounts of sodium chloride.
What are Halophiles?
400
What are attenuated vaccines?
Vaccines that contain live organisms that are weakened.
400
The body’s defensive response to tissue damage caused by microbial infection.
What is inflammation?
400
Proteins produced in response to an antigen that is capable of binding specifically to an antigen.
What are antibodies?
400
One antigen molecule can have how many antigenic determinants?
What is SEVERAL? (Can be any protein or polysaccharide, lipids, nucleic acids on the antigen molecule)
400
Antibiotic that is commonly used to treat Heartworm infections.
What is Ivermectin?
500
Explain how we are all alive right now if there are so many antigens and microorganisms in our environment. (Remember the video we just watched.)
Our body has a combination of Non-Specific and Specific Immune Responses that use lots of different tactics to keep antigens and microbes out. As long as our immune system isn’t hindered, we can take care of most invaders.
500
Why are fevers important? Give 1 reason.
1) Raises the temperature over the optimum growth rate temperature for most pathogens 2) Inhibits the growth of microbes by lowering plasma iron concentrations
500
Why are vaccines important?
Vaccines have reduced once deadly infections, and save lives. Helps with herd immunity especially individuals who can’t be vaccinated.
500
Explain what actually causes allergies and anaphylaxis.
Reaction between antigens and IgE on the surface of basophils and mast cells. IgE sensitizes the mast cells and basophils. That sensitization may last weeks, months, and years. Any contact with allergen may create an allergic reaction.
500
What is cross resistance? Give an example.
Resistance to a certain antimicrobial carries over to other similar compounds. Tetracycline efflux pumps and Triclosan
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