Koch's Postulates
What is the definition of Koch’s Postulates?
the process of relation a microorganism to a disease
This describes the body's ability to fight off disease.
Resistance
This scientist is credited with discovering penicillin.
Alexander Fleming
What is the definition of an Infectious Disease?
Where pathogens invade a susceptible host, carries out at least part of its life cycle inside the body, and causes disease as a result
This is DNA that is artificially created by combining DNA from two or more sources.
Recombinant DNA
How many steps are in Koch's Postulates?
Four
This is the process by which the body builds defense against a foreign pathogen- for example, after a vaccine.
Immunity
Penicillin is a type of _________?
Antibiotics
What kind of animal(s) carries the West Nile Virus?
mosquitos, horses, birds
This is the name for small circular DNA in bacteria often used as a vector in recombinant DNA experiments.
What is a plasmid?
What is the first postulate?
The microbe muse be present in all cases of the disease
These structures are the body's first line of defense against foreign pathogens
The physical barriers that include skin, mucous membranes, cilia, and stomach acids
This is the primary use of Antibiotics in human medicine.
They wipe out all bacteria and inhibit the growth of it
What does AIDS Cause in humans?
Causes severe weakening of the immune system
This is the enzyme that cuts DNA at specific recognition sites to allow insertion of foreign genes.
Restriction Enzymes
When were they developed?
They were developed specifically in 1884. (or just 1800s)
These are the immune system's major defenses' against foreign pathogens
Inflammation and fever
This was the process in which penicillin was discovered.
Fleming observed a mold (penicillium notatus) that inhibited the growth of other bacteria
In the 1860s, this English physician began using phenol to help reduce infections
Joseph Lister
This is the process of inserting recombinant DNA into bacteria, where they multiply and express the new gene.
What is transformation?
Why can’t it be applied to all infectious diseases?
Not all pathogens can be isolated and grown in pure cultures
These immune blood cells play a key role in defending infections
White Blood Cells
This was the first instance of widespread antibiotic use
WWII with frontline soldiers to cure infectious diseases in wounds
What is the other name for Mad Cow Disease?
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
This the first human hormone made using recombinant DNA technology, produced in E. coli.
Insulin