Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi
Protists
Random!
100
Why are viruses part of the 6 kingdoms?
They are not living unless they are in a host cell.
100
What type of cells are bacteria?
Prokaryotes
100
Are fungi unicellular or multicellular?
They can be both!
100
What are the three groups of protists?
Plant-like Animal-like (also called protozoa) Fungi-like
100
Genetic engineering occurs through which two processes?
1) Recombinant DNA Technology 2) Viral Vectors and Gene Therapy
200
What are the 3 parts of the general virus structure?
Head (core), tail and endplates
200
What are archaebacteria? Name one kind and where it lives.
Bacteria that live in extreme conditions. Hot conditions - Thermopiles No oxygen - Methanogens Salty conditions - Halophiles
200
Fungi have cell walls. Why are they not considered plants?
Because they cannot undergo photosynthesis (they are heterotrophs).
200
What makes plant-like protists different from other protists?
They contain chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis.
200
What are the 3 types of symbiotic relationships that exist in nature?
Parasitism Commensalism Mutualism
300
Who/what can get a virus? (ie. what is the host range?)
Proteins on surface of virus must match proteins on the surface of the host ("lock and key" model)
300
What are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria?
Coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), spirillium (spiral)
300
What are the three ways that fungi can eat?
1) Decomposers 2) Parasitic 3) In symbiotic relationships with plants and animals
300
How do animal-like protists "eat"?
Move around to obtain food; engulf their food or absorb pre-digested food.
300
What two parts of classification do we use to scientifically name an organism?
Genus and species
400
When do viruses cause symptoms?
When they replicate so many times that the host cell is killed.
400
How do bacteria get their nutrition?
1) Autotrophs (make their own food) OR 2) Heterotrophs (use other organisms to get nutrition)
400
How does fragmentation work?
A piece of hyphae is broken off and grows into new fungus
400
How do most fungi-like protists "eat"?
Decomposers; absorb nutrients from other living things.
400
What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
A combination of cultural, biological, genetic and chemical methods used to control pests.
500
Describe the lytic cycle.
1) Virus attaches 2) Virus enters cell 3) Replication occurs 4) New viruses are assembled. 5) Viruses are released and the host cell dies.
500
Describe the process of conjugation (sexual reproduction) in bacteria.
1) Two cells come close together. 2) Mini bridge (sex pilus) is created. 4) DNA is swapped between the two cells. 5) Cells separate and undergo binary fission.
500
What are 2 important uses for fungi?
- They are decomposers – recycle nutrients - Consist of yeast – used to make bread, wine and beer - They can be eaten or make food that we eat… like: Example: eat mushrooms Example: Gorgonzola cheese is made using fungi - Can be used to make antibiotics (Penicillium)
500
Name one reason why protists are important.
Bacteria-eating protists purify our drinking water Algae -Helps maintain healthy aquatic ecosystem -Can be used as food for humans -Can be used as fertilizer -Helps make petroleum (brown algae) -Provide 2/3 of the world’s oxygen! Used to make agar (medical)
500
Why are viral vectors used in gene therapy? When are they not effective?
Used to treat/prevent diseases such as AIDS, cancer, liver complications and skin problems. Not effective in cells that do not multiply (ie. spinal cord and brain)
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